{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:01:38Z","timestamp":1785427298110,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003569","name":"Ministry of Food and Drug Safety","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2024-00393630"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00393630"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["RS-2024-00393630"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00393630"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01f7dp456","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Allogeneic T cell therapies have emerged as a promising strategy to overcome the logistical and manufacturing limitations of autologous approaches, enabling scalable, off-the-shelf cancer immunotherapy. While early clinical efforts have focused predominantly on \u03b1\u03b2 T cell-based platforms, including CAR- and TCR-engineered approaches, a growing spectrum of alternative cell types, such as \u03b3\u03b4 T cells, invariant natural killer T cells, mucosal-associated invariant T cells, and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived effectors, is expanding the design landscape of allogeneic therapies. However, clinical translation remains constrained by immune rejection, limited persistence, lymphodepletion-associated toxicity, manufacturing variability, and impaired efficacy in solid tumors. To address these barriers, engineering strategies have increasingly integrated T cell receptor disruption, human leukocyte antigen modulation, cytokine support, checkpoint editing, and synthetic circuit design. This review provides an oncology-focused, cross-platform framework for evaluating diverse allogeneic T cell and T cell-like platforms according to clinical maturity, safety, manufacturability, persistence, and tumor-targeting capacity. We further discuss how platform-specific biological properties and clinical evidence can be integrated with modular engineering strategies to optimize antitumor performance. These insights support a shift from platform-centric development toward a design-driven paradigm for next-generation allogeneic cellular immunotherapies with improved efficacy, safety, and scalability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph19070991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T16:50:33Z","timestamp":1782924633000},"page":"991","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Engineering Strategies for Allogeneic T Cell-Based Platforms in Cancer Immunotherapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3276-8957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Su-Jin","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women\u2019s University, Seoul 02748, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyang-Mi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Dongduk Women\u2019s University, Seoul 02748, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709866","article-title":"Tisagenlecleucel in Children and Young Adults with B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia","volume":"378","author":"Maude","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. 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