{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:35:38Z","timestamp":1791200138352,"version":"4.2.0"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1448409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fund for Scientific Research-Flanders","award":["G.0515.12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G.0515.12"]}]},{"name":"Regional Government of Flanders","award":["GOA\/13\/014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GOA\/13\/014"]}]},{"name":"Interuniversity Attraction Poles","award":["P7\/39"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P7\/39"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceuticals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Interferon-\u03b3 (IFN-\u03b3) affects immune responses in a complex fashion.  Its immunostimulatory actions, such as macrophage activation and induction of T helper  1-type responsiveness, are widely acknowledged, however, as documented by a large body of literature, IFN-\u03b3 has also the potential to temper inflammatory processes via other pathways. In autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders, IFN-\u03b3 can either play a disease-enforcing role or act as protective agent, depending on the nature of the disease. In animal models of any particular autoimmune disease, certain changes in the induction procedure can reverse the net outcome of introduction or ablation of IFN-\u03b3. Here, we review the role of endogenous IFN-\u03b3 in inflammatory disorders and related murine models, with a focus on systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) and macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). In particular, we discuss our recent findings in a mouse model of sJIA, in which endogenous IFN-\u03b3  acts as a regulatory agent, and compare with results from mouse models of MAS. Also,  we elaborate on the complexity in the activity of IFN-\u03b3 and the resulting difficulty of predicting its value or that of its antagonists as treatment option.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ph8040793","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T10:44:52Z","timestamp":1448448292000},"page":"793-815","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Therapeutic Potential of Interferon-\u03b3 and Its Antagonists in Autoinflammation: Lessons from Murine Models of  Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Macrophage Activation Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Anneleen","family":"Avau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven B-3000, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Matthys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven B-3000, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2004.00204.x","article-title":"Interferons, interferon-like cytokines, and their receptors","volume":"202","author":"Pestka","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunol. 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