{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:06:38Z","timestamp":1760241998624,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]],"date-time":"2018-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of selenium (Se) have been proven in many studies. This work was aimed at confirming these activities of its inorganic form\u2014sodium selenite\u2014and examining the possible synergy of action with antidepressants and diazepam. Methods: The antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like activity of Se was assessed using forced swim tests (FSTs) and elevated plus-maze test (EPMs). Spontaneous locomotor activity was measured using photoresistor actimeters. The experiments were conducted on male Albino Swiss mice. Results: Sodium selenite (0.5 mg\/kg) reduced the immobility time in the FSTs and extended time spent in the open arms of EPMs without affecting locomotor activity The combined administration of Se at an ineffective dose (0.25 mg\/kg) together with imipramine (15 mg\/kg), fluoxetine (5 mg\/kg), tianeptine (10 mg\/kg), but not with reboxetine (2.5 mg\/kg), resulted in a reduction of immobility time in FSTs, and with a threshold dose of diazepam (0.25 mg\/kg) led to the prolongation of time spent in the open arms of the EPM. Moreover, the antidepressant-like effect of Se (0.5 mg\/kg) was significantly reduced by pretreatment with p-chlorophenylalanine (100 mg\/kg). Conclusions: The results may indicate the participation of serotonergic transmission to antidepressant action of Se and GABA-ergic transmission to its anxiolytic effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics10040270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]],"date-time":"2018-12-12T10:54:26Z","timestamp":1544612066000},"page":"270","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Synergistic Action of Sodium Selenite with some Antidepressants and Diazepam in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ewa","family":"K\u0119dzierska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Medical Analytics, Medical University of Lublin, Chod\u017aki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lila","family":"D\u0105bkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Medical Analytics, Medical University of Lublin, Chod\u017aki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2823-061X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Obierzy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Anatomy Research Group, Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-400 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Polakowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawi\u0144skiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4359-3953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Poleszak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chod\u017aki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5389-0241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Wla\u017a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sk\u0142odowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4884-9110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Szewczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lublin, Chod\u017aki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jolanta","family":"Kotli\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy with Division of Medical Analytics, Medical University of Lublin, Chod\u017aki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2006.05.008","article-title":"The burden of severe depression: A review of diagnostic challenges and treatment alternatives","volume":"41","author":"Nemeroff","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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