{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T20:27:53Z","timestamp":1792528073332,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]],"date-time":"2019-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1107356"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1107356"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory pilosebaceous condition that affects 80\u201390% of adolescents. Since the introduction of tretinoin over 40 years ago, topical retinoid products have been a mainstay of acne treatment. The retinoids are very effective in addressing multiple aspects of the acne pathology as they are comedolytic and anti-inflammatory, and do not contribute to antibiotic resistance or microbiome disturbance that can be associated with long-term antibiotic therapies that are a common alternative treatment. However, topical retinoids are associated with skin dryness, erythema and pain, and may exacerbate dermatitis or eczema. Thus, there is a clear need to target delivery of the retinoids to the pilosebaceous units to increase efficacy and minimise side effects in surrounding skin tissue. This paper reviews the current marketed topical retinoid products and the research that has been applied to the development of targeted topical delivery systems of retinoids for acne.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics11100490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,25]],"date-time":"2019-09-25T03:51:18Z","timestamp":1569383478000},"page":"490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Targeted Topical Delivery of Retinoids in the Management of Acne Vulgaris: Current Formulations and Novel Delivery Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Gemma","family":"Latter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth 6845, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey E.","family":"Grice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Therapeutics Research Group, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4109, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7825-7557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yousuf","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Therapeutics Research Group, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4109, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Therapeutics Research Group, The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane 4109, Australia"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Adelaide 5011, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather A. E.","family":"Benson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth 6845, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"f2634","article-title":"Acne vulgaris","volume":"346","author":"Purdy","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ Clin. Evid."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"892","article-title":"Acne in adolescents","volume":"46","author":"Gebauer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aust. Fam. Physician"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Bolognia, J., Jorizzo, J., and Schaffer, J. (2012). Acne vulgaris. Dermatology, Elsevier. [3rd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"22","article-title":"Understanding the Burden of Adult Female Acne","volume":"7","author":"Tanghetti","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. 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