{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T12:00:19Z","timestamp":1788436819498,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015800","name":"Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019C050-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019C050-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015800","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To prepare a binary formulation delivering miRNA-146 and evaluate a nucleic acid nasal delivery system by investigating its pharmacodynamic effects in allergic rhinitis. The gel\/NPs\/miR-146a thermosensitive in situ chitosan hydrogel carrying a nucleic acid was prepared and evaluated for its characteristics, including temperature sensitivity, gel strength, mucosal adhesion and drug release profile. After nasal administration of the formulation to ovalbumin-sensitized rats, the treatment of allergic rhinitis was verified by assessing nasal symptoms, hematology, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry. Western Blot(WB) was used to analyze nasal inflammatory factors as well as miRNA-146-related factors, and the miR146 expression level was measured by PCR. Subsequently, the effects of the gel\/NPs\/miR-146a binary formulation were evaluated for the nasal delivery of nucleic acids in rhinitis therapy. The prepared binary formulation quickly formed a gel in the nasal cavity at a temperature of 34 \u00b0C with good mucosal adhesion, which delivered nucleic acids into the nasal mucosa stably and continuously. Gel\/NPs\/miR-146a was able to sustain the delivery of miRNA into the mucosa after nasal administration. When compared with the monolithic formulations, the gel\/NPs\/miR-146a binary formulation performed better regarding its nucleic acid delivery ability and pharmacodynamic effects. The gel\/NPs\/miR-146a binary preparation has a suitable nasal mucosal drug delivery ability and has a positive pharmacodynamic effect for the treatment of ovalbumin-induced rhinitis in rats. It can serve as a potential nucleic acid delivery platform for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12100907","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]],"date-time":"2020-09-24T02:56:43Z","timestamp":1600916203000},"page":"907","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Chitosan Hydrogel Doped with PEG-PLA Nanoparticles for the Local Delivery of miRNA-146a to Treat Allergic Rhinitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bixi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoshu","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuwen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rubin","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biopharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8254324","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8254324","article-title":"Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction Attenuates Th1 and Th2 Responses in the Treatment of Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Inflammation in a Rat Model of Allergic Rhinitis","volume":"2017","author":"Ren","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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