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Non-surgical neutering strategies for male animals have been long pursued, but the implementation of the procedures developed has remained limited to date. As submitting the testes to high temperatures impairs spermatogenesis, the present study investigated localized application of magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia (MNH) to the testicles as a potential non-surgical sterilization method for animals. An intratesticular injection of a magnetic fluid composed of manganese-ferrite nanoparticles functionalized with citrate was administered followed by testicle exposure to an alternate magnetic field to generate localized heat. Testicular MNH was highly effective, causing progressive seminiferous tubule degeneration followed by substitution of the parenchyma with stromal tissue and gonadal atrophy, suggesting an irreversible process with few side effects to general animal health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13091465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]],"date-time":"2021-09-14T21:47:21Z","timestamp":1631656041000},"page":"1465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["New Prospects in Neutering Male Animals Using Magnetic Nanoparticle Hyperthermia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6326-9803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luiz P. R.","family":"Jivago","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Universit\u00e1rio Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliana Lis Mendes","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Universit\u00e1rio Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gustavo","family":"Capistrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics and CNanoMed, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Goiania 74884-092, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Vin\u00edcius-Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics and CNanoMed, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Goiania 74884-092, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ediron","family":"Lima Verde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Exatas e da Terra, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Pontal do Araguaia 78060-900, MT, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andris Figueiroa","family":"Bakuzis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics and CNanoMed, Federal University of Goi\u00e1s, Goiania 74884-092, GO, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulo E. N.","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, Institute of Physics, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2137-9588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo Bentes","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Universit\u00e1rio Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7763-0746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina Madeira","family":"Lucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Universit\u00e1rio Darcy Ribeiro, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2014.01.001","article-title":"Nanotechnology in reproductive medicine: Emerging applications of nanomaterials","volume":"10","author":"Barkalina","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nanomed. 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