{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T13:59:36Z","timestamp":1777211976399,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"Slovenian Research Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P1-0175"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P1-0175"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A series of complexes of divalent transition metals (Cu(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II)) with the quinolone antibacterial agent fleroxacin, in the absence or presence of an \u03b1-diimine such as 2,2\u2032-bipyridine, 1,10-phenanthroline or 2,2\u2032-bipyridylamine, were prepared and characterized. The complexes were characterized by various physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques and by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the complexes was studied against the bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Xanthomonas campestris and was higher than that of free quinolone. The affinity of the complexes for bovine and human serum albumin was studied by fluorescence emission spectroscopy and the determined binding constants showed tight and reversible binding to the albumins. The interaction of the complexes with calf-thymus DNA was studied by various techniques, which showed that intercalation was the most plausible mode of interaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14050898","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T03:46:11Z","timestamp":1650512771000},"page":"898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Metal(II) Complexes of the Fluoroquinolone Fleroxacin: Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Profile"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Kostelidou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8416-7291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franc","family":"Perdih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ve\u010dna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1986-4840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakob","family":"Kljun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ve\u010dna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6241-1807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Foteini","family":"Dimou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, GR-57400 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6127-6930","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stavros","family":"Kalogiannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, GR-57400 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6776-4062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iztok","family":"Turel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ve\u010dna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5879-7265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Psomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pmch.2014.11.001","article-title":"Fluorine in medicinal chemistry","volume":"54","author":"Swallow","year":"2015","journal-title":"Progr. 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