{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:01:02Z","timestamp":1787029262721,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key scientific research projects of colleges and universities in Henan Province","award":["20A350017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20A350017"]}]},{"name":"Key scientific research projects of colleges and universities in Henan Province","award":["2019cxcy264"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019cxcy264"]}]},{"name":"Innovation and entrepreneurship training project for college students of Zhengzhou University","award":["20A350017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20A350017"]}]},{"name":"Innovation and entrepreneurship training project for college students of Zhengzhou University","award":["2019cxcy264"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019cxcy264"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Based on glucose (G) transporters (GLUTs), structuring nanoparticles with G as a target are an effective strategy to enhance oral bioavailability and anti-tumor effects of drugs. A novel drug delivery system using G-modified zein (GZ) nanoparticles loaded with docetaxel (DTX) (DTX-GNPs) was prepared and characterized in vitro and in vivo via assessment of cellular uptake, absorption site, pharmacokinetics, ex vivo distribution, and anti-tumor effects. The DTX-GNPs were approximately 120 nm in size. Compared with DTX-NPs, G modification significantly enhanced cellular uptake of DTX-GNPs by 1.22 times in CaCo-2 cells, which was related to GLUT mediation and the enhancement of endocytosis pathways via clathrin, micropinocytosis, and caveolin. Compared to DTX-NPs, G modification significantly enhanced DTX-NP absorption in the jejunum and ileum, delayed plasma concentration peak time, prolonged the average residence time in vivo, and increased oral bioavailability (from 43.82% to 96.04%). Cellular uptake and oral bioavailability of DTX were significantly affected by the G modification ratio. Compared with DTX-NPs, G modification significantly reduced drug distribution in the liver, lungs, and kidneys and increased tumor distribution and tumor growth inhibition rate without obvious systemic toxicity. This study demonstrated the potential of GZ-NPs as nanocarriers for DTX to enhance oral bioavailability and anti-tumor effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14071361","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T00:07:02Z","timestamp":1656374822000},"page":"1361","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Glucose-Modified Zein Nanoparticles Enhance Oral Delivery of Docetaxel"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0627-4091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yabing","family":"Xing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Children\u2019s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Quan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinhong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou 450001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3145","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S164518","article-title":"Advancements in the oral delivery of Docetaxel: Challenges, current state-of-the-art and future trends","volume":"13","author":"Sohail","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. 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