{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T19:00:33Z","timestamp":1776970833511,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action","award":["ZF 4223908NK9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZF 4223908NK9"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Human nail diseases, mostly caused by fungal infections, are common and difficult to treat. The development and testing of new drugs and drug delivery systems for the treatment of nail diseases is often limited by the lack of human nail material for permeation studies. Animal material is frequently used, but there are only few comparative data on the human nail plate, and there is neither a standardized test design nor a nail bed analogue to study drug uptake into the nail. In this study, a new permeation device was developed for permeation studies, and the permeation behavior of three model substances on the human nail plate and a model membrane from the horse hoof was investigated. A linear correlation was found between drug uptake by the human nail plate and the uptake by the equine hoof. The developed and established permeation device is suitable for investigations of ungual drug transport and enables the use of different membrane diameters and the use of a gel-based nail bed analog. The hydrogel-based acceptor medium used ensures adequate stabilization and hydration of the nail membrane.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14122552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]],"date-time":"2022-11-22T08:27:29Z","timestamp":1669105649000},"page":"2552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparative Ungual Drug Uptake Studies: Equine Hoof Membrane vs. Human Nail Plate"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9111-2101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorota","family":"Dobler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, 35390 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Gerber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, 35390 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Schmidts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, 35390 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Runkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, 35390 Giessen, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Ludwigstra\u00dfe 23, 35390 Giessen, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Philipps University, Robert-Koch-Stra\u00dfe 4, 35037 Marburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peggy","family":"Schlupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, 35390 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Berker, D.A.R., and Baran, R. 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