{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T15:46:28Z","timestamp":1784821588284,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":204,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]],"date-time":"2022-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Commission","award":["77768"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["77768"]}]},{"name":"European Commission","award":["857894"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["857894"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and battling cancer has always been a challenging subject in medical sciences. All over the world, scientists from different fields of study try to gain a deeper knowledge about the biology and roots of cancer and, consequently, provide better strategies to fight against it. During the past few decades, nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted much attention for the delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents with high efficiency and reduced side effects in cancer treatment. Targeted and stimuli-sensitive nanoparticles have been widely studied for cancer therapy in recent years, and many more studies are ongoing. This review aims to provide a broad view of different nanoparticle systems with characteristics that allow them to target diverse properties of the tumor microenvironment (TME) from nanoparticles that can be activated and release their cargo due to the specific characteristics of the TME (such as low pH, redox, and hypoxia) to nanoparticles that can target different cellular and molecular targets of the present cell and molecules in the TME.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14122708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,5]],"date-time":"2022-12-05T04:10:02Z","timestamp":1670213402000},"page":"2708","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Design of Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy Based on Tumor Microenvironment Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Bita","family":"Mahdavi Firouzabadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, CHiP Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Rosa","family":"Gigliobianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Percuros B.V., Zernikedreef 8, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0929-5867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joice Maria","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, CHiP Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Censi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, CHiP Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7657-3556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piera","family":"Di Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, CHiP Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Farmacia, Universit\u00e0 \u201cG. D\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti e Pescara, Via dei Vestini 1, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA A Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2007.387","article-title":"Nanocarriers as an emerging platform for cancer therapy","volume":"2","author":"Peer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. 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