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Previously, we demonstrated the therapeutic potential of biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles (MPs) loaded with 8% of the nitrochalcone CH8 (CH8\/PLGA) prepared by a conventional bench method. Aiming at an industrially scalable process and increased drug loading, new MPs were prepared by spray drying: CH8\/PDE with PLGA matrix and CH8\/PVDE with PLGA + polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) matrix, both with narrower size distribution and higher drug loading (18%) than CH8\/PLGA. Animal studies were conducted to evaluate their clinical feasibility. Both MP types induced transient local swelling and inflammation, peaking at 1\u20132 days, following a single intralesional injection. Different from CH8\/PDE that released 90% of the drug in the ear tissue in 60 days, CH8\/PVDE achieved that in 30 days. The therapeutic efficacy of a single intralesional injection was evaluated in BALB\/c mice infected with Leishmania\u00a0(Leishmania)\u00a0amazonensis and golden hamsters infected with L. (Viannia)\u00a0braziliensis. CH8\/PVDE promoted greater reduction in parasite burden than CH8\/PDE or CH8\/PLGA, measured at one month and two months after the treatment. Thus, addition of PVP to PLGA MP matrix accelerates drug release in vivo and increases its therapeutic effect against CL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15010051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T04:58:01Z","timestamp":1672117081000},"page":"51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["In Vivo Safety and Efficacy of Chalcone-Loaded Microparticles with Modified Polymeric Matrix against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1642-6669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ariane de J.","family":"Sousa-Batista","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro\u2014UFRJ, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Nanotechnology Engineering Program, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute for Graduate Studies and Research in Engineering\u2014COPPE, UFRJ, Avenida Hor\u00e1cio Macedo 2030, Rio de Janeiro 21941-972, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Arruda-Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro\u2014UFRJ, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wallace","family":"Pacienza-Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro\u2014UFRJ, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Carvalho-Gondim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro\u2014UFRJ, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosiane F.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro\u2014UERJ, Avenida Professor Manoel de Abreu 444, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1600-1238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia A. G.","family":"Da-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro\u2014UERJ, Avenida Professor Manoel de Abreu 444, Rio de Janeiro 20550-170, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria In\u00eas","family":"R\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RAPSODEE Center, IMT Mines Albi, CNRS, Jarlard Campus, University of Toulouse, CEDEX 09, F-81013 Albi, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bartira","family":"Rossi-Bergmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro\u2014UFRJ, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2021). 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