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For the transplant success, it is mandatory to have a thriving engraftment of transplanted cells, which directly depends on their homing. The present study proposes an alternative method to evaluate the homing and engraftment of hematopoietic stem cells using bioluminescence imaging and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) associated with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. We have identified an enriched population of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow following the administration of Fluorouracil (5-FU). Lately, the cell labeling with nanoparticles displayed the greatest internalization status when treated with 30 \u00b5g Fe\/mL. The quantification by ICP-MS evaluate the stem cells homing by identifying 3.95 \u00b1 0.37 \u00b5g Fe\/mL in the control and 6.61 \u00b1 0.84 \u00b5g Fe\/mL in the bone marrow of transplanted animals. In addition, 2.14 \u00b1 0.66 mg Fe\/g in the spleen of the control group and 2.17 \u00b1 0.59 mg Fe\/g in the spleen of the experimental group was also measured. Moreover, the bioluminescence imaging provided the follow up on the hematopoietic stem cells behavior by monitoring their distribution by the bioluminescence signal. Lastly, the blood count enabled the monitoring of animal hematopoietic reconstitution and ensured the transplantation effectiveness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15030828","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T06:29:06Z","timestamp":1678084146000},"page":"828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Bioluminescence Imaging and ICP-MS Associated with SPION as a Tool for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Homing and Engraftment Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7082-8730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murilo M.","family":"Garrig\u00f3s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S\u00e3o Paulo 05652-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7226-1694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando A.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S\u00e3o Paulo 05652-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1502-9215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana P.","family":"Nucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S\u00e3o Paulo 05652-000, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"LIM44\u2014Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas da Faculdade Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05403-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier B.","family":"Mamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S\u00e3o Paulo 05652-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ol\u00edvia F. M.","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S\u00e3o Paulo 05652-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel N. A.","family":"Rego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S\u00e3o Paulo 05652-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mara S.","family":"Junqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Research in Oncology, Cancer Institute of the State of Sao Paulo\u2014ICESP, S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00edcero J. S.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S\u00e3o Paulo 05652-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucas R. R.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S\u00e3o Paulo 05652-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3570-0827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arielly H.","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S\u00e3o Paulo 05652-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4523-1753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole M. 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