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In addition to the verified contributors such as genomic predisposition and medical history in the carcinogenesis, emerging evidence points out the potential role of vaginal microbiota in ovarian cancer. Recent studies have underlined the presence of vaginal microbial dysbiosis in cancer cases. Increasing research also indicates the potential correlations between vaginal microbes and cancer carcinogenesis, progression and treatment. Currently, compared with other gynecologic cancers, reports on the roles of vaginal microbiota in ovarian cancer remain scarce and fragmentary. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the roles of vaginal microbiota in various gynecologic diseases, particularly focusing on the potential mechanisms and possible applications of vaginal microbiota in ovarian cancer, giving insight into the involvement of vaginal microbiota in gynecologic cancer treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15030948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T06:36:36Z","timestamp":1678862196000},"page":"948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Potential Role of Vaginal Microbiota in Ovarian Cancer Carcinogenesis, Progression and Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Xiumiao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China"},{"name":"Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoxia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingtao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1159\/000479006","article-title":"Ovarian Cancer: A Heterogeneous Disease","volume":"85","author":"Kossai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pathobiology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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