{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:38:56Z","timestamp":1792273136300,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Flavanones are natural compounds that display anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this work was to prepare PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) containing natural flavanones I ((2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-methyl-8-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-il)-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one) and II (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4\u2032-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-8-(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-2,3-dihydro-4H-1-Benzopyran-4-one) (NP I and NP II, respectively) so as to evaluate their potential for topical anti-inflammatory ocular therapy. An in silico study was carried out using the Molinspiration\u00ae and PASS Online web platforms before evaluating the in vitro release study and the ex vivo porcine cornea and sclera permeation. The HPLC analytical method was also established and validated. Finally, the in vitro anti-inflammatory efficacy of NPs was studied in the HCE-2 model. The flavanones I and II could be released following a kinetic hyperbolic model. Neither of the two NPs was able to permeate through the tissues. NP I and NP II were found to be respectful of any changes in the tissues\u2019 morphology, as evidenced by histological studies. In HCE-2 cells, NP I and NP II were not cytotoxic at concentrations up to 25 \u00b5M. NP I showed higher anti-inflammatory activity than NP II, being able to significantly reduce IL-8 production in LPS-treated HCE-2 cells. In summary, ocular treatment with NP I and NP II could be used as a promising therapy for the inhibition of ocular inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15122752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T11:24:43Z","timestamp":1702293883000},"page":"2752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["PLGA Nanoparticles Containing Natural Flavanones for Ocular Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9453-9191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Bustos-Salgado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Farm\u00e0cia i Tecnologia Farmac\u00e8utica, i Fisicoqu\u00edmica, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia i Ci\u00e8ncies de l\u2019Alimentaci\u00f3, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 29-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut de Nanoci\u00e8ncia i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9366-8744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeri","family":"Dom\u00ednguez-Villegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas e Ingenier\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berenice","family":"Andrade-Carrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Farm\u00e0cia i Tecnologia Farmac\u00e8utica, i Fisicoqu\u00edmica, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia i Ci\u00e8ncies de l\u2019Alimentaci\u00f3, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 29-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Nutrici\u00f3n, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Calle Iztaccihuatl S\/N, Col. Los Volcanes, Cuernavaca 62350, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9316-8459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mireia","family":"Mallandrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Farm\u00e0cia i Tecnologia Farmac\u00e8utica, i Fisicoqu\u00edmica, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia i Ci\u00e8ncies de l\u2019Alimentaci\u00f3, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 29-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut de Nanoci\u00e8ncia i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4989-4821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Calpena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Farm\u00e0cia i Tecnologia Farmac\u00e8utica, i Fisicoqu\u00edmica, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia i Ci\u00e8ncies de l\u2019Alimentaci\u00f3, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 29-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut de Nanoci\u00e8ncia i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7281-8915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Dom\u00e8nech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Farm\u00e0cia i Tecnologia Farmac\u00e8utica, i Fisicoqu\u00edmica, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia i Ci\u00e8ncies de l\u2019Alimentaci\u00f3, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Av. Joan XXIII 29-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut de Nanoci\u00e8ncia i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department de Bioqu\u00edmica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia i Ci\u00e8ncies de l\u2019Alimentaci\u00f3, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0768-5033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josefa","family":"Bad\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department de Bioqu\u00edmica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia i Ci\u00e8ncies de l\u2019Alimentaci\u00f3, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Research Institute Sant Joan De D\u00e9u (IR-SJD), 08950 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7678-269X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Baldom\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department de Bioqu\u00edmica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia i Ci\u00e8ncies de l\u2019Alimentaci\u00f3, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Research Institute Sant Joan De D\u00e9u (IR-SJD), 08950 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inmaculada","family":"G\u00f3mez de Aranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Patologia i Terap\u00e8utica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina i Ci\u00e8ncies de la Salut, Bellvitge Campus, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Blasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Patologia i Terap\u00e8utica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina i Ci\u00e8ncies de la Salut, Bellvitge Campus, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5041-5587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Luisa","family":"Gardu\u00f1o-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones Qu\u00edmicas, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.3109\/02713681003760168","article-title":"Feasibility of Lipid Nanoparticles for Ocular Delivery of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Feasibility of Lipid Nanoparticles for Ocular Delivery of Anti-Inflammatory Drugs","volume":"35","author":"Souto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.20-0118","article-title":"Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Topical Immunomodulatory Cell Therapies for Ocular Surface Inflammatory Disorders","volume":"10","author":"Beeken","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl. 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