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The fabrication of biomineralized coating for the surfaces of scaffolds, especially synthetic polymer scaffolds, can alter surface characteristics, provide a favorable microenvironment, release various bioactive substances, regulate the cellular behaviors of osteoblasts, and promote bone regeneration after implantation. However, the biomineralized coating fabricated by immersion in a simulated body fluid has the disadvantages of non-uniformity, instability, and limited capacity to act as an effective reservoir of bioactive ions for bone regeneration. In this study, in order to promote the osteoinductivity of 3D-printed PCL scaffolds, we optimized the surface biomineralization procedure by nano-topographical guidance. Compared with biomineralized coating constructed by the conventional method, the nano-topographically guided biomineralized coating possessed more mineral substances and firmly existed on the surface of scaffolds. Additionally, nano-topographically guided biomineralized coating possessed better protein adsorption and ion release capacities. To this end, the present work also demonstrated that nano-topographically guided biomineralized coating on the surface of 3D-printed PCL scaffolds can regulate the cellular behaviors of USCs, guide the osteogenic differentiation of USCs, and provide a biomimetic microenvironment for bone regeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16020204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T08:44:06Z","timestamp":1706690646000},"page":"204","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Nano-Topographically Guided, Biomineralized, 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone Scaffolds with Urine-Derived Stem Cells for Promoting Bone Regeneration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9485-2946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fei","family":"Xing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Yuan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Man","family":"Zhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Experiment Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhou","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-5639-975X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Zhuang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhong-Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Polymer Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1039\/D2CS00725H","article-title":"Biomimetic mineralization based on self-assembling peptides","volume":"52","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chem. 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