{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T18:45:08Z","timestamp":1790016308187,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,3]],"date-time":"2024-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","award":["#406436\/2022-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#406436\/2022-3"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","award":["#406436\/2022-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#406436\/2022-3"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul","award":["#406436\/2022-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#406436\/2022-3"]}]},{"name":"Universidade Federal de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade de Porto Alegre","award":["#406436\/2022-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#406436\/2022-3"]}]},{"name":"CNPq, Brazil","award":["#406436\/2022-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#406436\/2022-3"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Malaria is a dangerous tropical disease, with high morbidity in developing countries. The responsible parasite has developed resistance to the existing drugs; therefore, new drug delivery systems are being studied to increase efficacy by targeting hemozoin, a parasite paramagnetic metabolite. Herein, magnetic mesoporous silica (magMCM) was synthesized using iron oxide particles dispersed in the silica structure for magnetically driven behavior. The X-ray diffractogram (XRD) and M\u00f6ssbauer spectra show patterns corresponding to magnetite and maghemite. Furthermore, M\u00f6ssbauer spectroscopy revealed superparamagnetic behavior, attributed to single magnetic domains in particles smaller than 10 nm. Even in the presence of iron oxide particles, the hexagonal structure of MCM is clearly identified in XRD (low-angle region) and the channels are visible in TEM images. The drug chloroquine (CQ) was encapsulated by incipient wetness impregnation (magMCM-CQ). The N2 adsorption\u2013desorption isotherms show that CQ molecules were encapsulated in the pores, without completely filling the mesopores. BET surface area values were 630 m2 g\u22121 (magMCM) and 467 m2 g\u22121 (magMCM-CQ). Encapsulated CQ exhibited rapid delivery (99% in 3 h) in buffer medium and improved solubility compared to the non-encapsulated drug, attributed to CQ encapsulation in amorphous form. The biocompatibility assessment of magMCM, magMCM-CQ, and CQ against MRC5 non-tumoral lung fibroblasts using the MTT assay after 24 h revealed no toxicity associated with magMCM. On the other hand, the non-encapsulated CQ and magMCM-CQ exhibited comparable dose\u2013response activity, indicating a similar cytotoxic effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16030357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T05:31:12Z","timestamp":1709530272000},"page":"357","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Magnetic Mesoporous Silica for Targeted Drug Delivery of Chloroquine: Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Rafaela","family":"de Andrade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita de C\u00e1ssia dos Reis","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo Santos","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Legna","family":"Colina-Vegas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0553-0935","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth","family":"Hinrichs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Geoci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcos Ant\u00f4nio Zen","family":"Vasconcellos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de F\u00edsica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania Maria Haas","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9889-7420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monique","family":"Deon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Federal de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7781-4083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wilmer","family":"Villarreal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7889-3625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edilson Valmir","family":"Benvenutti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91501-970, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022). 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