{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T16:32:28Z","timestamp":1790872348253,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":198,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research, Development, and Innovation Fund of Hungary","award":["TKP2021-EGA-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-19"]}]},{"name":"National Research, Development, and Innovation Fund of Hungary","award":["TKP2021-EGA-18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-18"]}]},{"name":"National Research, Development, and Innovation Fund of Hungary","award":["GINOP-2.3.1-20-2020-00004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GINOP-2.3.1-20-2020-00004"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Culture and Innovation of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["TKP2021-EGA-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-19"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Culture and Innovation of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["TKP2021-EGA-18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-18"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Culture and Innovation of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","award":["GINOP-2.3.1-20-2020-00004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GINOP-2.3.1-20-2020-00004"]}]},{"name":"European Union and the European Regional Development Fund","award":["TKP2021-EGA-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-19"]}]},{"name":"European Union and the European Regional Development Fund","award":["TKP2021-EGA-18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-18"]}]},{"name":"European Union and the European Regional Development Fund","award":["GINOP-2.3.1-20-2020-00004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GINOP-2.3.1-20-2020-00004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Psoriasis (PSO) is a chronic autoimmune skin condition characterized by the rapid and excessive growth of skin cells, which leads to the formation of thick, red, and scaly patches on the surface of the skin. These patches can be itchy and painful, and they may cause discomfort for patients affected by this condition. Therapies for psoriasis aim to alleviate symptoms, reduce inflammation, and slow down the excessive skin cell growth. Conventional topical treatment options are non-specific, have low efficacy and are associated with adverse effects, which is why researchers are investigating different delivery mechanisms. A novel approach to drug delivery using nanoparticles (NPs) shows promise in reducing toxicity and improving therapeutic efficacy. The unique properties of NPs, such as their small size and large surface area, make them attractive for targeted drug delivery, enhanced drug stability, and controlled release. In the context of PSO, NPs can be designed to deliver active ingredients with anti-inflammatory effect, immunosuppressants, or other therapeutic compounds directly to affected skin areas. These novel formulations offer improved access to the epidermis and facilitate better absorption, thus enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of conventional anti-psoriatic drugs. NPs increase the surface-to-volume ratio, resulting in enhanced penetration through the skin, including intracellular, intercellular, and trans-appendage routes. The present review aims to discuss the latest approaches for the topical therapy of PSO using NPs. It is intended to summarize the results of the in vitro and in vivo examinations carried out in the last few years regarding the effectiveness and safety of nanoparticles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16040449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T12:50:49Z","timestamp":1711371049000},"page":"449","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Recent Approaches for the Topical Treatment of Psoriasis Using Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Krisztina","family":"Bodn\u00e1r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei k\u00f6r\u00fat 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei k\u00f6r\u00fat 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei k\u00f6r\u00fat 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e1lma","family":"Feh\u00e9r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei k\u00f6r\u00fat 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei k\u00f6r\u00fat 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9724-0614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"Ujhelyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei k\u00f6r\u00fat 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei k\u00f6r\u00fat 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8663-2890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ildik\u00f3","family":"B\u00e1cskay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei k\u00f6r\u00fat 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei k\u00f6r\u00fat 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei k\u00f6r\u00fat 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5835-5304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liza","family":"J\u00f3zsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei k\u00f6r\u00fat 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei k\u00f6r\u00fat 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"},{"name":"Institute of Healthcare Industry, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei k\u00f6r\u00fat 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(97)70041-0","article-title":"Terbinafine Therapy May Be Associated with the Development of Psoriasis de Novo or Its Exacerbation: Four Case Reports and a Review of Drug-Induced Psoriasis","volume":"36","author":"Gupta","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. 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