{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T04:29:08Z","timestamp":1791433748429,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to assess the influence of eucalyptol and menthol on the cell viability, migration, and reactive oxygen species production of human gingival fibroblasts (GFs) in vitro. Three different concentrations of eucalyptol and menthol were prepared following ISO 10993-5 guidelines (1, 5, and 10 mM). GFs were isolated from extracted teeth from healthy donors. The following parameters were assessed: cell viability via MTT, Annexin-V-FITC and 7-AAD staining, and IC50 assays; cell migration via horizontal scratch wound assay; and cell oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species assay. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey\u2019s post hoc test. Statistical significance was established at p &lt; 0.05. Eucalyptol and Menthol exhibited high cytotoxicity on gingival fibroblasts, as evidenced by cytotoxicity assays. Eucalyptol showed lower levels of cytotoxicity than menthol, compared to the control group. The cytotoxicity of the tested substances increased in a concentration-dependent manner. The same occurred in a time-dependent manner, although even 10 min of exposure to the tested substances showed a high cytotoxicity to the GFs. Commercially available products for oral application with these substances in their composition should be tested for cytotoxicity before their use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16040521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T04:37:27Z","timestamp":1712637447000},"page":"521","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Comparative Cytotoxicity of Menthol and Eucalyptol: An In Vitro Study on Human Gingival Fibroblasts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5697-4953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Puig-Herreros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Speech Therapy University Clinic, Department of Basic Psychology, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5438-8085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Sanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament d\u2019Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina i Odontologia, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6610-8442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Garc\u00eda-Bernal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0623-740X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30008 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7768-0989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Murcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8603-9883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leopoldo","family":"Forner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament d\u2019Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina i Odontologia, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Ghilotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament d\u2019Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina i Odontologia, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo E.","family":"O\u00f1ate-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30008 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5467-392X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"L\u00f3pez-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament d\u2019Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina i Odontologia, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, Z., Wang, H., Wang, J., Zhou, L., and Yang, P. 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