{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:38:55Z","timestamp":1791581935585,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The microbial contamination of eye drop tips and caps varies between 7.7% and 100%. In seeking patient protection and continuous improvement, the Pharmacy Department in the Sterile Ophthalmological and Oncological Preparations Unit at Cochin Hospital AP-HP, Paris, France, conducted a two-phase study to compare the antimicrobial efficiency and practical use of standard packaging and a marketed eye drop container incorporating a self-decontaminating antimicrobial green technology by Pylote SAS at the tip and cap sites. The first phase was conducted in situ to identify the microbial contaminants of eye drops used in the hospital and community settings. A total of 110 eye drops were included for testing. Staphylococcus species were the most prevalent bacteria. Candida parapsilosis was detected in only one residual content sample and, at the same time, on the cap and tip. The second phase was performed in vitro, according to JIS Z2801. Reductions above one log in Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa counts were noted in Pylote SAS eye drop packaging after 24 h of contact. The practical tests showed satisfactory results. Pylote SAS antimicrobial mineral oxide technology exhibited promising effects that combined effectiveness, safety, and sustainability to protect the patient by preventing infections due to the contamination of eye drop containers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16070933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]],"date-time":"2024-07-12T16:23:41Z","timestamp":1720801421000},"page":"933","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Evaluating and Managing the Microbial Contamination of Eye Drops: A Two-Phase Hospital-Based Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"L\u00e9a","family":"Roquefeuil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Pr\u00e9parations St\u00e9riles Ophtalmologiques et Oncologiques, GHU AP-HP Centre-Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9\u2014Site Cochin, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5544-6681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katia","family":"Iskandar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut 1105, Lebanon"},{"name":"Institut National de Sant\u00e9 Publique, d\u2019\u00c9pid\u00e9miologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut 1103, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Roques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de G\u00e9nie Chimique, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, 31062 Toulouse, France"},{"name":"FONDEREPHAR, Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie, 31062 Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lo\u00efc","family":"Marchin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pylote SAS, 22 Avenue de la Mouyssagu\u00e8se, 31280 Dr\u00e9mil-Lafage, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myl\u00e8ne","family":"Guittard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pylote SAS, 22 Avenue de la Mouyssagu\u00e8se, 31280 Dr\u00e9mil-Lafage, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Poupet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Bact\u00e9riologie, GHU AP-HP Centre-Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9\u2014Site Cochin, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Laure","family":"Brandely-Piat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Pr\u00e9parations St\u00e9riles Ophtalmologiques et Oncologiques, GHU AP-HP Centre-Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9\u2014Site Cochin, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Jobard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Pr\u00e9parations St\u00e9riles Ophtalmologiques et Oncologiques, GHU AP-HP Centre-Universit\u00e9 de Paris Cit\u00e9\u2014Site Cochin, 27 Rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e489","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30488-5","article-title":"The Lancet global health Commission on global eye health: Vision beyond 2020","volume":"9","author":"Burton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. 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