{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:01:18Z","timestamp":1787029278083,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","award":["01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","award":["02\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","award":["26\/2004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26\/2004"]}]},{"name":"Superintend\u00eancia de Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior","award":["01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01"]}]},{"name":"Superintend\u00eancia de Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior","award":["02\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Superintend\u00eancia de Ci\u00eancia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior","award":["26\/2004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26\/2004"]}]},{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Londrina","award":["01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01"]}]},{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Londrina","award":["02\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Universidade Estadual de Londrina","award":["26\/2004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26\/2004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Candida tropicalis is regarded as an opportunistic pathogen, causing diseases ranging from superficial infections to life-threatening disseminated infections. The ability of this yeast to form biofilms and develop resistance to antifungals represents a significant therapeutic challenge. Herein, the effect of geraniol (GER), alone and combined with fluconazole (FLZ), was evaluated in the planktonic and sessile cells of azole-resistant C. tropicalis. GER showed a time-dependent fungicidal effect on the planktonic cells, impairing the cell membrane integrity. Additionally, GER inhibited the rhodamine 6G efflux, and the molecular docking analyzes supported the binding affinity of GER to the C. tropicalis Cdr1 protein. GER exhibited a synergism with FLZ against the planktonic and sessile cells, inhibiting the adhesion of the yeast cells and the viability of the 48-h biofilms formed on abiotic surfaces. C. tropicalis biofilms treated with GER, alone or combined with FLZ, displayed morphological and ultrastructural alterations, including a decrease in the stacking layers and the presence of wilted cells. Moreover, neither GER alone nor combined with FLZ caused toxicity, and both treatments prolonged the survival of the Galleria mellonella larvae infected with azole-resistant C. tropicalis. These findings indicate that the combination of GER and FLZ may be a promising strategy to control azole-resistant C. tropicalis infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16081053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T07:59:07Z","timestamp":1723190347000},"page":"1053","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Geraniol Potentiates the Effect of Fluconazole against Planktonic and Sessile Cells of Azole-Resistant Candida tropicalis: In Vitro and In Vivo Analyses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Gislaine","family":"Silva-Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabela Madeira de","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5412-053X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Henrique Guilherme","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena Tiemi","family":"Suzukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4405-2534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joyce Marinho 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Londrina 86038-350, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e1ssio Ilan Soares","family":"Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa 58059-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6001-360X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelle de Lima Ferreira","family":"Bispo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synthesis of Medicinal Molecules Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1427-936X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo S\u00e9rgio Couto de","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4602-0926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Antifungal Chemotherapy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliandro Reis","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paran\u00e1, Campus Londrina, Londrina 86067-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2241-8814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucy 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of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0732-8893(02)00364-4","article-title":"Diversity of commensal yeasts within and among healthy hosts","volume":"43","author":"Kam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diagn. 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