{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T14:55:34Z","timestamp":1789570534058,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":153,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]],"date-time":"2024-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"American University of Sharjah Faculty Research Grants","award":["FRG20-L-E48"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRG20-L-E48"]}]},{"name":"American University of Sharjah Faculty Research Grants","award":["FRG22-C-E08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRG22-C-E08"]}]},{"name":"American University of Sharjah Faculty Research Grants","award":["MRG\/18\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRG\/18\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Sheikh Hamdan Award for Medical Science","award":["FRG20-L-E48"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRG20-L-E48"]}]},{"name":"Sheikh Hamdan Award for Medical Science","award":["FRG22-C-E08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRG22-C-E08"]}]},{"name":"Sheikh Hamdan Award for Medical Science","award":["MRG\/18\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRG\/18\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Friends of Cancer Patients (FoCP)","award":["FRG20-L-E48"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRG20-L-E48"]}]},{"name":"Friends of Cancer Patients (FoCP)","award":["FRG22-C-E08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRG22-C-E08"]}]},{"name":"Friends of Cancer Patients (FoCP)","award":["MRG\/18\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MRG\/18\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Conventional cancer chemotherapy often struggles with safely and effectively delivering anticancer therapeutics to target tissues, frequently leading to dose-limiting toxicity and suboptimal therapeutic outcomes. This has created a need for novel therapies that offer greater efficacy, enhanced safety, and improved toxicological profiles. Nanocarriers are nanosized particles specifically designed to enhance the selectivity and effectiveness of chemotherapy drugs while reducing their toxicity. A subset of drug delivery systems utilizes stimuli-responsive nanocarriers, which enable on-demand drug release, prevent premature release, and offer spatial and temporal control over drug delivery. These stimuli can be internal (such as pH and enzymes) or external (such as ultrasound, magnetic fields, and light). This review focuses on the mechanics of ultrasound-induced drug delivery and the various nanocarriers used in conjunction with ultrasound. It will also provide a comprehensive overview of key aspects related to ultrasound-induced drug delivery, including ultrasound parameters and the biological effects of ultrasound waves.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics16111383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T04:15:02Z","timestamp":1730088902000},"page":"1383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Drug Release via Ultrasound-Activated Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8553-5009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khaled Armouch","family":"Al Refaai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Program, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nour A.","family":"AlSawaftah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Biosciences and Bioengineering Ph.D. Program, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2424-1736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waad","family":"Abuwatfa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Biosciences and Bioengineering Ph.D. Program, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7244-3105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghaleb A.","family":"Husseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Program, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering Ph.D. Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Biosciences and Bioengineering Ph.D. Program, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21763","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2023","volume":"73","author":"Siegel","year":"2023","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Pan American Health Organization (2024, July 02). World Cancer Day 2023: Close the Care Gap-PAHO\/WHO. Available online: https:\/\/www.paho.org\/en\/campaigns\/world-cancer-day-2023-close-care-gap."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Katzung, B.G. (2018). Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, Mcgraw-Hill Education. [14th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"1218","article-title":"The Most Common Side Effects Experienced by Patients Were Receiving First Cycle of Chemotheapy","volume":"47","author":"Altun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iran. J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1021\/ja510147n","article-title":"Stimuli-Responsive Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications","volume":"137","author":"Blum","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-017-0995-x","article-title":"Emerging potential of stimulus-responsive nanosized anticancer drug delivery systems for systemic applications","volume":"41","author":"Ruttala","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Pharmacal Res."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2013.05.010","article-title":"Physical energy for drug delivery; poration, concentration and activation","volume":"71","author":"Lakshmanan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.18650","article-title":"Ultrasound Elastography: Review of Techniques and Clinical Applications","volume":"7","author":"Sigrist","year":"2017","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2021.105805","article-title":"Recent ultrasound advancements for the manipulation of nanobiomaterials and nanoformulations for drug delivery","volume":"80","author":"Low","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.09.026","article-title":"Ultrasound-triggered drug delivery for cancer treatment using drug delivery systems: From theoretical considerations to practical applications","volume":"241","author":"Boissenot","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2014.06.028","article-title":"Effectiveness of continuous and pulsed ultrasound for the management of knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Zeng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blair, J.E.A., and Rigolin, V.H. (2010). Echocardiography. Practical Signal and Image Processing in Clinical Cardiology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84882-515-4_14"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e10170","article-title":"Thermal analysis of different shape nanoparticles on hyperthermia therapy on breast cancer in a porous medium: A fractional model","volume":"8","author":"Khan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deb, P.K., Odetallah, H.M.A., Al-Jaidi, B., Akkinepalli, R.R., Al-Aboudi, A., and Tekade, R.K. (2019). Biomaterials and nanoparticles for hyperthermia therapy, Biomaterials and Bionanotechnology.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814427-5.00011-1"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/02656730701769841","article-title":"Cellular responses to hyperthermia (40\u201346 \u00b0C): Cell killing and molecular events","volume":"24","author":"Roti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.2174\/1875933501103010038","article-title":"Nanoscale Drug Delivery and Hyperthermia: The Materials Design and Preclinical and Clinical Testing of Low Temperature-Sensitive Liposomes Used in Combination with Mild Hyperthermia in the Treatment of Local Cancer","volume":"3","author":"Landon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Open Nanomed. J."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"4440","article-title":"Hyperthermia enables tumor-specific nanoparticle delivery: Effect of particle size","volume":"60","author":"Kong","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"3027","article-title":"Characterization of the effect of hyperthermia on nanoparticle extravasation from tumor vasculature","volume":"61","author":"Kong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/02656730902747919","article-title":"Arrhenius relationships from the molecule and cell to the clinic","volume":"25","author":"Dewey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"38","article-title":"Usefulness of Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Causes of Exacerbation in Patients with Chronic Dyspnea","volume":"84","author":"Rogoza","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pneumonol. Alergol. Pol."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"8441","article-title":"A new noninvasive approach in breast cancer therapy using magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound surgery","volume":"61","author":"Huber","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.08.004","article-title":"Cavitation-Enhanced Extravasation for Drug Delivery","volume":"37","author":"Arvanitis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.14366\/usg.17021","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided drug delivery in cancer","volume":"36","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ultrasonography"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brennen, C.E. (1995). Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics, Oxford University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195094091.001.0001"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2012.01.004","article-title":"Bio-effects and safety of low-intensity, low-frequency ultrasonic exposure","volume":"108","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.14366\/usg.14034","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography: Advance and current status in abdominal imaging","volume":"34","author":"Chung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ultrasonography"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1126\/science.253.5026.1397","article-title":"The Temperature of Cavitation","volume":"253","author":"Flint","year":"1991","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Entzian, K., and Aigner, A. (2021). Drug Delivery by Ultrasound-Responsive Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics13081135"},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Roy, R. (2024, July 02). Nanoparticle-Mediated Tissue Imaging and Therapy at the Intersection of Light and Sound. Available online: https:\/\/www.polyu.edu.hk\/feng\/-\/media\/department\/feng\/events\/2019\/20190624distinguishedlecturenanoparticlemediatedtissueimagingandtherapyattheintersectionoflightandso.pdf?la=enhash=F9837A006FC2110C71708DEA2AA05638."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s40349-015-0044-5","article-title":"Magnetic resonance-guided motorized transcranial ultrasound system for blood-brain barrier permeabilization along arbitrary trajectories in rodents","volume":"3","author":"Magnin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ther. Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2014.01.008","article-title":"Ultrasound-mediated blood\u2013brain barrier disruption for targeted drug delivery in the central nervous system","volume":"72","author":"Aryal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2014.01.009","article-title":"Nucleic acid delivery with microbubbles and ultrasound","volume":"72","author":"Rychak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1662","article-title":"Healing sound: The use of ultrasound in drug delivery and other therapeutic applications","volume":"4","author":"Mitragotri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1038\/nphys148","article-title":"Membrane disruption by optically controlled microbubble cavitation","volume":"1","author":"Prentice","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Phys."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2013.11.008","article-title":"Understanding ultrasound induced sonoporation: Definitions and underlying mechanisms","volume":"72","author":"Lentacker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2010.04.010","article-title":"The correlation between acoustic cavitation and sonoporation involved in ultrasound-mediated DNA transfection with polyethylenimine (PEI) in vitro","volume":"145","author":"Qiu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2008.03.002","article-title":"Driving delivery vehicles with ultrasound","volume":"60","author":"Ferrara","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemphyslip.2009.08.003","article-title":"Ultrasound, liposomes, and drug delivery: Principles for using ultrasound to control the release of drugs from liposomes","volume":"162","author":"Schroeder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chem. Phys. Lipids"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2004.1320741","article-title":"A method for radiation-force localized drug delivery using gas-filled lipospheres","volume":"51","author":"Shortencarier","year":"2004","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2009.04.020","article-title":"Investigations into Pulsed High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound\u2013Enhanced Delivery: Preliminary Evidence for a Novel Mechanism","volume":"35","author":"Hancock","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-5629(99)00164-7","article-title":"Ultrasound-induced intercellular space widening in fish epidermis","volume":"26","author":"Frenkel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2022.114343","article-title":"Ultrasound triggered organic mechanoluminescence materials","volume":"186","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.01.060","article-title":"Nanoparticle-assisted ultrasound: A special focus on sonodynamic therapy against cancer","volume":"340","author":"Canavese","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3109\/02656736.2014.992484","article-title":"Treating cancer with sonodynamic therapy: A review","volume":"31","author":"Costley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(91)80347-6","article-title":"DNA damage by oxygen-derived species Its mechanism and measurement in mammalian systems","volume":"281","author":"Halliwell","year":"1991","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2004.02.008","article-title":"Role of intracellular calcium ions and reactive oxygen species in apoptosis induced by ultrasound","volume":"30","author":"Honda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2006.07.017","article-title":"Effects of shear stress on endothelial cells: Possible relevance for ultrasound applications","volume":"93","author":"VanBavel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2156","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-014-1081-x","article-title":"Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Activates Integrin-Mediated Mechanotransduction Pathway in Synovial Cells","volume":"42","author":"Sato","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.07.011","article-title":"Enhanced Caveolae-Mediated Endocytosis by Diagnostic Ultrasound In Vitro","volume":"35","author":"Lionetti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2013.2534","article-title":"Mechanisms of the ultrasound-mediated intracellular delivery of liposomes and dextrans","volume":"60","author":"Afadzi","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2006.02.1416","article-title":"Mechanism of intracellular delivery by acoustic cavitation","volume":"32","author":"Schlicher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.3109\/02656736.2015.1009179","article-title":"An overview of the influence of therapeutic ultrasound exposures on the vasculature: High intensity ultrasound and microbubble-mediated bioeffects","volume":"31","author":"Goertz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2013.09.025","article-title":"Targeted drug delivery with focused ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier opening using acoustically-activated nanodroplets","volume":"172","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3743","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S193258","article-title":"Ultrasound-sensitizing nanoparticle complex for overcoming the blood-brain barrier: An effective drug delivery system","volume":"14","author":"Ha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5305","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201501322","article-title":"Ultrasound-Propelled Nanocups for Drug Delivery","volume":"11","author":"Kwan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"1121","article-title":"Nanoparticles\u2014An Overview","volume":"3","author":"Nikam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Res. Dev. Pharm. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1246\/bcsj.20190346","article-title":"Ultrasound-Activated Nanomaterials for Therapeutics","volume":"93","author":"Paris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-3659(00)00278-9","article-title":"Factors affecting acoustically triggered release of drugs from polymeric micelles","volume":"69","author":"Husseini","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-3659(01)00216-4","article-title":"Acoustic activation of drug delivery from polymeric micelles: Effect of pulsed ultrasound","volume":"71","author":"Marin","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2003.09.048","article-title":"Combined cancer therapy by micellar-encapsulated drug and ultrasound","volume":"277","author":"Rapoport","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9524","DOI":"10.1021\/la500841x","article-title":"High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Responsive Metallo-supramolecular Block Copolymer Micelles","volume":"30","author":"Liang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1039\/C2TB00222A","article-title":"Fast release behavior of block copolymer micelles under high intensity focused ultrasound\/redox combined stimulus","volume":"1","author":"Tong","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem. B"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2011.02.024","article-title":"Self-assembled liposome-loaded microbubbles: The missing link for safe and efficient ultrasound triggered drug-delivery","volume":"152","author":"Geers","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1163\/156856206776986297","article-title":"A polymeric micelle system with a hydrolysable segment for drug delivery","volume":"17","author":"Zeng","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.3109\/02656736.2014.1000393","article-title":"Focused ultrasound influence on calcein-loaded thermosensitive stealth liposomes","volume":"31","author":"Novell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2013.06.011","article-title":"Ultrasound sensitive eLiposomes containing doxorubicin for drug targeting therapy","volume":"10","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nanomed. Nanotechnol. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11335","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.3c00067","article-title":"Ultrasound-Triggered Microbubbles: Novel Targeted Core\u2013Shell for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction Disease","volume":"8","author":"Ghamkhari","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1007\/s12274-017-1719-8","article-title":"Ultrasoundtriggered release of sinoporphyrin sodium from liposome-microbubble complexes and its enhanced sonodynamic toxicity in breast cancer","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nano Res."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2015.06.019","article-title":"Polymeric micelles and nanoemulsions as drug carriers: Therapeutic efficacy, toxicity, and drug resistance","volume":"212","author":"Gupta","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2013.08.019","article-title":"Complete regression of local cancer using temperature-sensitive liposomes combined with ultrasound-mediated hyperthermia","volume":"172","author":"Kheirolomoom","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2013.06.003","article-title":"Novel Temperature-Triggered Liposome with High Stability: Formulation, in Vitro Evaluation, and in Vivo Study Combined with High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU)","volume":"170","author":"Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.04.015","article-title":"Improved Anti-Tumor Effect of Liposomal Doxorubicin After Targeted Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption by MRIGuided Focused Ultrasound in Rat Glioma","volume":"38","author":"Treat","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2012.02.023","article-title":"Focused ultrasound and interleukin-4 receptor-targeted liposomal doxorubicin for enhanced targeted drug delivery and antitumor effect in glioblastoma multiforme","volume":"160","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2659","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S243037","article-title":"Therapeutic Effect of Doxorubicin-Chlorin E6-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Combined with Ultrasound on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1700354","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201700354","article-title":"Ultrasound-Triggered Destruction of Folate-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle-Loaded Microbubble for Targeted Tumor Therapy","volume":"6","author":"Lv","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5613","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S136401","article-title":"Enhanced delivery of paclitaxel liposomes using focused ultrasound with microbubbles for treating nude mice bearing intracranial glioblastoma xenografts","volume":"12","author":"Shen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.09.030","article-title":"Thermal\/ultrasound-triggered release of liposomes loaded with Ganoderma applanatum polysaccharide from microbubbles for enhanced tumour ablation","volume":"363","author":"Yuan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-9798-5_2","article-title":"Role of Nanobiotechnology in Drug Delivery","volume":"2059","author":"Jain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Drug Deliv. Syst."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026618666180608125344","article-title":"Improving the Efficacy of Anticancer Drugs via Encapsulation and Acoustic Release","volume":"18","author":"Ahmed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_80","first-page":"4387","article-title":"Thermosensitive liposomal drug delivery systems: State of the art review","volume":"9","author":"Kneidl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.3109\/21691401.2014.953633","article-title":"Application of liposomes in medicine and drug delivery","volume":"44","author":"Daraee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Artif. Cells Nanomed. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25706","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.7b05469","article-title":"Ultrasound-Responsive Polymeric Micelles for Sonoporation-Assisted Site-Specific Therapeutic Action","volume":"9","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11460","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.24.11460","article-title":"Sterically stabilized liposomes: Improvements in pharmacokinetics and antitumor therapeutic efficacy","volume":"88","author":"Papahadjopoulos","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b13-00059","article-title":"The Polyethyleneglycol Dilemma: Advantage and Disadvantage of PEGylation of Liposomes for Systemic Genes and Nucleic Acids Delivery to Tumors","volume":"36","author":"Hatakeyama","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1080\/17425247.2022.2099834","article-title":"Thermosensitive liposomes: A promising step toward localised chemotherapy","volume":"19","author":"Chaudhry","year":"2022","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Deliv."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"494","article-title":"Review of ultrasound mediated drug delivery for cancer treatment: Updates from pre-clinical studies","volume":"3","author":"Couture","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transl. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nardecchia, S., S\u00e1nchez-Moreno, P., de Vicente, J., Marchal, J.A., and Boulaiz, H. (2019). Clinical Trials of Thermosensitive Nanomaterials: An Overview. Nanomaterials, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano9020191"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bahutair, W.N., Abuwatfa, W.H., and Husseini, G.A. (2022). Ultrasound Triggering of Liposomal Nanodrugs for Cancer Therapy: A Review. Nanomaterials, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12173051"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joshi, B., and Joshi, A. (2019). Ultrasound-based drug delivery systems. Bioelectronics and Medical Devices, Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-102420-1.00014-5"},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0927-7765(99)00061-2","article-title":"Solubilization of hydrocarbons and resulting aggregate shape transitions in aqueous solutions of Pluronic\u00ae (PEO\u2013PPO\u2013PEO) block copolymers","volume":"16","author":"Nagarajan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Colloids Surfaces B Biointerfaces"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tor\u010dilin, V.P. (2006). Polymer Micelles as Drug Carriers. Nanoparticulates as Drug Carriers, Imperial College Press.","DOI":"10.1142\/9781860949074"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2012.08.042","article-title":"Polymeric micelles and alternative nanonized delivery vehicles for poorly soluble drugs","volume":"453","author":"Lu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_93","first-page":"169","article-title":"Novel targeted bladder drug-delivery systems: A review","volume":"7","author":"Zacche","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res. Rep. Urol."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2007.05.009","article-title":"Physical stimuli-responsive polymeric micelles for anti-cancer drug delivery","volume":"32","author":"Rapoport","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prog. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martins, M., Elgaili, S.A., Vitor, R.F., and Husseini, G.A. (2015). Ultrasonic Drug Delivery Using Micelles and Liposomes. Handbook of Ultrasonics and Sonochemistry, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-287-470-2_29-1"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.02.005","article-title":"Ultrasound Effect on Cancerous versus Non-Cancerous Cells","volume":"42","author":"Azagury","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/s40846-018-0391-0","article-title":"Ultrasound Cavitation\/Microbubble Detection and Medical Applications","volume":"39","author":"Izadifar","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Med. Biol. Eng."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2004.04.003","article-title":"Perspectives in clinical uses of high-intensity focused ultrasound","volume":"42","author":"Clement","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ultrasonics"},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.06.005","article-title":"Osteogenic effects of lowintensity pulsed ultrasound, extracorporeal shockwaves and their combination\u2013an in vitro comparative study on human periosteal cells","volume":"3","author":"Tam","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-021-00963-0","article-title":"Ultrasound-responsive polymer-based drug delivery systems","volume":"11","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Deliv. Transl. Res."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4131","DOI":"10.1021\/nn200809t","article-title":"Use of size and a copolymer design feature to improve the biodistribution and the enhanced permeability and retention effect of doxorubicin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles in a murine xenograft tumor model","volume":"5","author":"Meng","year":"2011","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13180","DOI":"10.1021\/ja3049783","article-title":"Ultrasmall Sub-10 nm Near-Infrared Fluorescent Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles","volume":"134","author":"Ma","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22375","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.6b06759","article-title":"Dual-Responsive Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Mediated Codelivery of Doxorubicin and Bcl-2 SiRNA for Targeted Treatment of Breast Cancer","volume":"120","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2731","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CC09389J","article-title":"Ultrasound responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles for biomedical applications","volume":"55","author":"Manzano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2009.05.026","article-title":"Controlled and targeted tumor chemotherapy by ultrasound-activated nanoemulsions\/microbubbles","volume":"138","author":"Rapoport","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11023","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b04378","article-title":"Polymer-Grafted Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Ultrasound- Responsive Drug Carriers","volume":"9","author":"Paris","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.01.015","article-title":"A Quantitative Study of Thermal and Non-thermal Mechanisms in Ultrasound-Induced Nano-drug Delivery","volume":"49","author":"Hornsby","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.11.008","article-title":"Heat-sensitive microbubbles for intraoperative assessment of cancer ablation margins","volume":"31","author":"Huang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2008.03.007","article-title":"Ultrasound mediated delivery of drugs and genes to solid tumors","volume":"60","author":"Frenkel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bulte, J., and Modo, M. (2017). Triggered drug release and enhanced drug transport from ultrasound-responsive nanoparticles. Design and Applications of Nanoparticles in Biomedical Imaging, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-42169-8"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343re2","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaf6086","article-title":"Clinical trial of blood-brain barrier disruption by pulsed ultrasound","volume":"8","author":"Carpentier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11111417","article-title":"Blood-Brain Barrier: Real-time Feedback-controlled Focused Ultrasound Disruption by Using an Acoustic Emissions\u2013based Controller","volume":"263","author":"Hynynen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E10281","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1713328114","article-title":"Closed-loop control of targeted ultrasound drug delivery across the blood\u2013brain\/tumor barriers in a rat glioma model","volume":"114","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s11671-008-9174-9","article-title":"Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Surface Functionalization Strategies","volume":"3","author":"Wu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nanoscale Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-011-0632-1","article-title":"Fe3O4-PEI-RITC Magnetic Nanoparticles with Imaging and Gene Transfer Capability: Development of a Tool for Neural Cell Transplantation Therapies","volume":"29","author":"Yiu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e29528","DOI":"10.4161\/tisb.29528","article-title":"Barriers to drug delivery in solid tumors","volume":"2","author":"Sriraman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tissue Barriers"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2008.03.008","article-title":"Micelles and nanoparticles for ultrasonic drug and gene delivery","volume":"60","author":"Husseini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.10.013","article-title":"Sonoporation by Ultrasound-Activated Microbubble Contrast Agents: Effect of Acoustic Exposure Parameters on Cell Membrane Permeability and Cell Viability","volume":"35","author":"Karshafian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2018.09.030","article-title":"Diffusion limited green synthesis of ultra-small gold nanoparticles at room temperature","volume":"558","author":"Celentano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem. Eng. Asp."},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1039\/C7QI00131B","article-title":"Self-assembly of gold nanowire networks into gold foams: Production, ultrastructure and applications","volume":"4","author":"Jakhmola","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem. Front."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1080\/02656730600582956","article-title":"Hyperthermia mediated liposomal drug delivery","volume":"22","author":"Ponce","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Hyperth."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tharkar, P., Varanasi, R., Wong, W.S.F., Jin, C.T., and Chrzanowski, W. (2019). Nano-Enhanced Drug Delivery and Therapeutic Ultrasound for Cancer Treatment and Beyond. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 7.","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2019.00324"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"034301","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.106.034301","article-title":"Blood Vessel Deformations on Microsecond Time Scales by Ultrasonic Cavitation","volume":"106","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2010.05.009","article-title":"Progress in the development of ultrasound-mediated gene delivery systems utilizing nano- and microbubbles","volume":"149","author":"Suzuki","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4762","DOI":"10.1021\/ja200894u","article-title":"A New Theranostic System Based on Gold Nanocages and Phase-Change Materials with Unique Features for Photoacoustic Imaging and Controlled Release","volume":"133","author":"Moon","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1243\/09544119JEIM565","article-title":"Sonoporation, drug delivery, and gene therapy","volume":"224","author":"Liang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part H J. Eng. Med."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3192","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0006207","article-title":"Development of an ultrasonic nonlinear frequency compounding method with applications in tissue thermometry","volume":"150","author":"Hornsby","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1080\/17425247.2018.1547279","article-title":"Sonopermeation to improve drug delivery to tumors: From fundamental understanding to clinical translation","volume":"15","author":"Snipstad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Deliv."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S31564","article-title":"Microbubble-mediated ultrasound therapy: A review of its potential in cancer treatment","volume":"7","author":"Ibsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Des. Dev. Ther."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2008.03.005","article-title":"Microbubbles in ultrasound-triggered drug and gene delivery","volume":"60","author":"Hernot","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2018.1534898","article-title":"Efficient exosome delivery in refractory tissues assisted by ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction","volume":"26","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Deliv."},{"key":"ref_132","first-page":"381","article-title":"Ultrasonic drug delivery in Oncology","volume":"20","author":"Udroiu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. BUON"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2006.03.017","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of paclitaxel-containing ultrasound contrast agents","volume":"32","author":"Tartis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2012.05.007","article-title":"Image-guided, targeted and triggered drug delivery to tumors using polymer-based microbubbles","volume":"163","author":"Fokong","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1002\/cmmi.1639","article-title":"Nanoparticle-stabilized microbubbles for multimodal imaging and drug delivery","volume":"10","author":"Hansen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Contrast Media Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lv, Y., Hao, L., Hu, W., Ran, Y., Bai, Y., and Zhang, L. (2016). Novel multifunctional pH-sensitive nanoparticles loaded into microbubbles as drug delivery vehicles for enhanced tumor targeting. Sci. Rep., 6.","DOI":"10.1038\/srep29321"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.21492","article-title":"Drug Release from Phase-Changeable Nanodroplets Triggered by Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound","volume":"8","author":"Cao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-5629(00)00262-3","article-title":"Acoustic droplet vaporization for therapeutic and diagnostic applications","volume":"26","author":"Kripfgans","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4548","DOI":"10.1143\/JJAP.44.4548","article-title":"Nanoparticles with Multiple Perfluorocarbons for Controllable Ultrasonically Induced Phase Shifting","volume":"44","author":"Kawabata","year":"2005","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4557","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.38069","article-title":"Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery, tumor imaging, therapy and theranostics","volume":"10","author":"Mi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.05.007","article-title":"Acoustic Characterization and Pharmacokinetic Analyses of New Nanobubble Ultrasound Contrast Agents","volume":"39","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cocis.2021.101463","article-title":"Bursting microbubbles: How nanobubble contrast agents can enable the future of medical ultrasound molecular imaging and image-guided therapy","volume":"54","author":"Exner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2017.02.038","article-title":"Exosomes as novel bio-carriers for gene and drug delivery","volume":"521","author":"Jiang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14576","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b00893","article-title":"Ultrasound Facilitates Naturally Equipped Exosomes Derived from Macrophages and Blood Serum for Orthotopic Glioma Treatment","volume":"11","author":"Bai","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.5.10.1121","article-title":"Ultrasound targeted microbubble destruction for drug and gene delivery","volume":"5","author":"Mayer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Deliv."},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfm018","article-title":"Assessing Toxicity of Fine and Nanoparticles: Comparing In Vitro Measurements to In Vivo Pulmonary Toxicity Profiles","volume":"97","author":"Sayes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1080\/10408440903120975","article-title":"Development of in vitro systems for nanotoxicology: Methodological considerations","volume":"39","author":"Stone","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200700378","article-title":"Size-Dependent Cytotoxicity of Gold Nanoparticles","volume":"3","author":"Pan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"ref_149","first-page":"1","article-title":"Toxicity of Nanoparticles and an Overview of Current Experimental Models","volume":"20","author":"Bahadar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iran. Biomed. J."},{"key":"ref_150","unstructured":"(2017). Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices\u2014Part 22: Guidance on Nanomaterials (Standard No. ISO\/TR 10993-22)."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8576","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CS00541H","article-title":"In vivo delivery, pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles","volume":"44","author":"Arami","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2013.01.012","article-title":"Intelligent nanomaterials for medicine: Carrier platforms and targeting strategies in the context of clinical application","volume":"9","author":"Lehner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nanomed. Nanotechnol. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31822fd1f1","article-title":"Potential adverse ultrasound-related biological effects: A critical review","volume":"115","author":"Shankar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"}],"container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4923\/16\/11\/1383\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:21:45Z","timestamp":1760113305000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1999-4923\/16\/11\/1383"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]]},"references-count":153,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["pharmaceutics16111383"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pharmaceutics16111383","relation":{},"ISSN":["1999-4923"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1999-4923","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,27]]}}}