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Photothermal therapy (PTT) employs materials that convert light to heat when exposed to near-infrared light to raise the temperature of the tumor site to directly ablate tumor cells, induce immunogenic cell death, and improve the tumor microenvironment. This therapy has several benefits, including minimal invasiveness, high efficacy, reduced side effects, and robust targeting capabilities. Beyond just photothermal conversion materials, nanoplatforms significantly contribute to PTT by supplying effective photothermal conversion materials and bolstering tumor targeting to amplify anti-tumor effects. However, the anti-tumor effects of PTT alone are ultimately limited and often need to be combined with other therapies. This narrative review describes the recent progress of PTT combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, gene therapy, gas therapy, chemodynamic therapy, photoacoustic imaging, starvation therapy, and multimodal therapy. Studies have shown that combining PTT with other treatments can improve efficacy, reduce side effects, and overcome drug resistance. Despite the encouraging results, challenges such as optimizing treatment protocols, addressing tumor heterogeneity, and overcoming biological barriers remain. This paper highlights the potential for personalized, multimodal approaches to improve cancer treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17030306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T11:22:12Z","timestamp":1740568932000},"page":"306","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Anti-Tumor Strategies of Photothermal Therapy Combined with Other Therapies Using Nanoplatforms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1194-5671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rubing","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengmei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410007, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuyan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7858-1077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruqian","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Provincial Center for Drug Evaluation and Adverse Reaction Monitoring, Changsha 410013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2630-5585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinhua","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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