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Methods: Elemental analysis determined the biomass\u2019s chemical composition. Antioxidant activity was assessed using ABTS and DPPH assays. Monosaccharide composition was analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In vitro cytotoxicity assays were conducted on cancer and normal cell lines to determine IC50 values and selectivity indices (SI). Zebrafish embryo toxicity was evaluated for teratogenic effects, and an in vivo antihyperglycemic study was performed in diabetic rat models. Results: The biomass exhibited high carbon content (around 41%) and nitrogen levels, with a balanced C\/N ratio nearing 5. Protein content exceeded 50%, alongside significant carbohydrate, fiber, and ash levels. Antioxidant assays revealed inhibition rates of approximately 89% (ABTS) and 64% (DPPH). GC-MS analysis identified glucose as the predominant sugar (&gt;80%), followed by galactose and mannose. Additionally, HPLC detected a photoprotective compound, potentially a mycosporin-like amino acid. Cytotoxicity assays demonstrated PsBu\u2019s selective activity against colon, lung, and melanoma cancer cell lines (IC50: 100\u2013500 \u00b5g\u00b7mL\u22121), while effects on normal cell lines were lower (IC50 &gt; 1300 \u00b5g\u00b7mL\u22121 for HaCaT, &gt;2500 \u00b5g\u00b7mL\u22121 for HGF-1), with SI values approaching 27, supporting PsBu\u2019s potential as a targeted anticancer agent. Zebrafish embryo assays yielded LC50 values ranging from 1.4 to 1.8 mg\u00b7mL\u22121. In vivo, PsBu reduced fasting blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic rats (approximately 210 mg\u00b7dL\u22121 vs. 230 mg\u00b7dL\u22121 in controls) and preserved pancreatic \u03b2-cell integrity (around 80% vs. 65% in controls). Conclusions: These findings suggest that B. utriformis biomass and PsBu exhibit strong antioxidant activity, selective cytotoxicity against cancer cells, and antihyperglycemic potential, making them promising candidates for further biomedical applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17030335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T05:54:38Z","timestamp":1741154078000},"page":"335","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Biological Effects of Polysaccharides from Bovistella utriformis as Cytotoxic, Antioxidant, and Antihyperglycemic Agents: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Aya","family":"Maaloul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Geology, Faculty of Science, University of M\u00e1laga, E-29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Grice Hutchinson Experimental Centre, Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of M\u00e1laga, Lomas de San Juli\u00e1n, 29004 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8562-3842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"P\u00e9rez Manr\u00edquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural and Oceanographic Sciences, University of Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n PC 304000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9868-015X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Decara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Platform in Nanomedicine (IBIMA-BIONAND Platform), Mental Health Clinical Management Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de M\u00e1laga, Av. de Carlos Haya 82, 29010 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Mar\u00ed-Beffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grice Hutchinson Experimental Centre, Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of M\u00e1laga, Lomas de San Juli\u00e1n, 29004 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of M\u00e1laga, E-29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga and Platform in Nanomedicine (IBIMA-BIONAND Platform), E-29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5018-5443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"\u00c1lvarez-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grice Hutchinson Experimental Centre, Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of M\u00e1laga, Lomas de San Juli\u00e1n, 29004 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of M\u00e1laga, E-29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4244-2072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sof\u00eda","family":"Latorre Redoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of M\u00e1laga, E-29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Borja","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Albardonedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement of Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200011, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marisel","family":"Araya-Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement of Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200011, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Fajardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement of Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200011, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto T.","family":"Abdala D\u00edaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Geology, Faculty of Science, University of M\u00e1laga, E-29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"},{"name":"Grice Hutchinson Experimental Centre, Institute of Blue Biotechnology and Development (IBYDA), University of M\u00e1laga, Lomas de San Juli\u00e1n, 29004 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2008.07.077","article-title":"Chemical composition and nutritional value of European species of wild growing mushrooms: A review","volume":"113","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173274","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/173274","article-title":"The role of polyphenols, \u03b2-carotene, and lycopene in the antioxidative action of the extracts of dried, edible mushrooms","volume":"2010","author":"Robaszkiewicz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. 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