{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T19:39:18Z","timestamp":1777059558828,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020","award":["951723"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["951723"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Candidiasis remains a chief concern in global healthcare. Drug safety issues and increasing resistance make it urgent to develop alternative antifungal agents, namely antimicrobial peptides. Amidated decoralin (Dec-CONH2) possesses considerable anti-Candida activity, and its association with nanocarriers could help in enhancing efficacy while reducing intrinsic toxicity to the host. Methods: We studied an N-terminal cysteine-modified version of the peptide (Cys-Dec-CONH2) and screened the effects of different nanosystems (polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), liposomes and gold NPs) on its activity against azole-sensitive and azole-resistant Candida species using a clinically relevant in vitro assay. Results: The antifungal activity of Cys-Dec-CONH2 was maintained (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 16\u201364 \u00b5g\/mL), but the presence of poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)- and polycaprolactone-based NPs impaired the antifungal effect of the peptide (MIC &gt; 256 \u00b5g\/mL). This effect was milder for polystyrene-based NPs, liposomes, and gold NPs (MIC \u2264 128 \u00b5g\/mL). Additionally, the covalent surface functionalization of PLGA-based NPs with Cys-Dec-CONH2 or the presence of relevant biomolecules (albumin and mucin) resulted in complete inhibition of antifungal activity. Conclusions: Our data suggest that Cys-Dec-CONH2 is able to establish strong interfacial interactions with different nanomaterials, which need to be considered when developing nanomedicines based on this peptide for the management of candidiasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17040460","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T07:47:44Z","timestamp":1743580064000},"page":"460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Anti-Candida Activity of Cysteine-Modified Amidated Decoralin in the Presence of Engineered Nanomaterials"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4226-6768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e2nia","family":"Rocha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S\u2013Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7434-0839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S\u2013Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"ICBAS\u2013Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5763-7553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Sarmento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S\u2013Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, CESPU, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2317-2759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"das Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"i3S\u2013Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade, CESPU, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18026","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.26","article-title":"Invasive candidiasis","volume":"4","author":"Pappas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. 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