{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:27:08Z","timestamp":1760059628420,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750896000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Paraiba State University","award":["#01\/2025","422774\/2018-9","406079\/2022-6","Finance Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#01\/2025","422774\/2018-9","406079\/2022-6","Finance Code 001"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico (CNPQ)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#01\/2025","422774\/2018-9","406079\/2022-6","Finance Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#01\/2025","422774\/2018-9","406079\/2022-6","Finance Code 001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"INCT NanoVida-CNPq","award":["#01\/2025","422774\/2018-9","406079\/2022-6","Finance Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#01\/2025","422774\/2018-9","406079\/2022-6","Finance Code 001"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014Brasil (CAPES)","award":["#01\/2025","422774\/2018-9","406079\/2022-6","Finance Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#01\/2025","422774\/2018-9","406079\/2022-6","Finance Code 001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: We report the antifungal potential of transition metal-free borophosphate glass-loaded hydrogels (BGHs) with different phosphorus\/boron molar ratios (P\/B = 2, 1, and 0.5) against Candida species. Candida yeasts pose a significant health risk as they can cause infections, systemic diseases, and even potentially fatal complications in immunocompromised individuals. Methods: The antifungal activity of BGH was evaluated against Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, and Candida glabrata using kinetic growth analysis, the agar well diffusion method, the minimum inhibitory concentration, the minimum fungicidal concentration, and scanning electron microscopy. Results: All BGH formulations effectively inhibited yeast growth at various concentrations, with results comparable to commercial miconazole gel (CMG). Hydrogels with P\/B ratios of 0.5 and 1 produced larger inhibition zones than CMG, except against C. glabrata. However, BGHs with a P\/B ratio of 0.5 at 3% and 5% (w\/w) demonstrated relevant antifungal activity, especially against C. albicans and C. tropicalis. Conclusions: These findings highlight the promising antifungal potential of borophosphate glass-based hydrogels, particularly those with high boron content. Their efficacy against multiple Candida species suggests they could serve as an alternative to conventional antifungal agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17070836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T06:46:12Z","timestamp":1751438772000},"page":"836","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Metalless and Fungicide-Free Material Against Candida: Glass-Loaded Hydrogels"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7965-4434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabrielle Caroline","family":"Peiter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Group of Polymers and Nanostructures, Federal University of Technology-Paran\u00e1, Rua Cristo Rei, 19, Toledo 85902-490, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2876-5596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elane da Silva","family":"Salvador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Chemistry of Materials Group, Para\u00edba State University, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5610-0559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabi\u00e1n Ccahuana","family":"Ayma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group of Polymers and Nanostructures, Federal University of Technology-Paran\u00e1, Rua Cristo Rei, 19, Toledo 85902-490, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2928-9181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K\u00e1dima Nayara","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology and Biochemistry of Pathological Processes Group, Federal University Paran\u00e1, Avenida Max Planck, 3796-Biopark, Toledo 85919-899, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8179-0045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Jaerger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group of Polymers and Nanostructures, Federal University of Technology-Paran\u00e1, Rua Cristo Rei, 19, Toledo 85902-490, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9036-3654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael A.","family":"Bini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group of Polymers and Nanostructures, Federal University of Technology-Paran\u00e1, Rua Cristo Rei, 19, Toledo 85902-490, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9331-5850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cleverson","family":"Busso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group of Polymers and Nanostructures, Federal University of Technology-Paran\u00e1, Rua Cristo Rei, 19, Toledo 85902-490, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8753-2661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo Jos\u00e9 de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Chemistry of Materials Group, Para\u00edba State University, Campina Grande 58429-500, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9501-8489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group of Polymers and Nanostructures, Federal University of Technology-Paran\u00e1, Rua Cristo Rei, 19, Toledo 85902-490, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2022). 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