{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T20:53:59Z","timestamp":1790888039916,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key research and development program in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2022B03018-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022B03018-5"]}]},{"name":"Key research and development program in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2023TSYCLJ0043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023TSYCLJ0043"]}]},{"name":"Key research and development program in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2022D01C97"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022D01C97"]}]},{"name":"Tianshan Talent Training Program","award":["2022B03018-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022B03018-5"]}]},{"name":"Tianshan Talent Training Program","award":["2023TSYCLJ0043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023TSYCLJ0043"]}]},{"name":"Tianshan Talent Training Program","award":["2022D01C97"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022D01C97"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2022B03018-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022B03018-5"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2023TSYCLJ0043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023TSYCLJ0043"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2022D01C97"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022D01C97"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of death among women worldwide, with human papillomavirus (HPV) identified as a major contributing factor. This study investigates the immunostimulatory activity and antigen delivery efficiency of Glycyrrhiza uralensis polysaccharide gold nanoparticles (GUPS-AuNPs) and assesses the antitumor efficacy of an HPV dendritic cell (DC) vaccine using GUPS-AuNPs as a delivery system. Methods: GUPS-AuNPs were synthesized via a green reduction method and characterized using advanced techniques, including SEM, EDS, TEM, UV, and FT-IR spectroscopy. DCs served as the primary experimental model, with flow cytometry employed to evaluate the immunostimulatory activity and antigen delivery effectiveness of GUPS-AuNPs. Additionally, a TC-1 tumor-bearing mouse model was established to assess the immunostimulatory and antitumor effects of the HPV-DC vaccine facilitated by GUPS-AuNPs. Results: The synthesized GUPS-AuNPs exhibited a particle size of 120.77 \u00b1 3.13 nm, a surface charge of \u221211.9 \u00b1 2.1 mV, and excellent stability. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that GUPS-AuNPs significantly enhanced DC maturation and promoted T cell proliferation. Furthermore, antigen delivery experiments revealed that GUPS-AuNPs improved the antigen capture capabilities of DCs. Confocal imaging confirmed that GUPS-AuNPs extended the intracellular retention time of antigens. In vivo studies showed that the HPV-DC vaccine formulated with GUPS-AuNPs as carriers effectively suppressed tumor growth, elevated the populations of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells in the spleen, and induced a robust antigen-specific immune response. Conclusions: GUPS-AuNPs effectively enhance DC maturation and antigen delivery, significantly boosting the adaptive immune response triggered by HPV vaccines and leading to the inhibition of tumor progression. This research introduces GUPS-AuNPs as a novel, safe, and efficient antigen delivery platform with promising potential for vaccine development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17091213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T14:10:19Z","timestamp":1758118219000},"page":"1213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Glycyrrhiza uralensis Polysaccharide Gold Nanoparticles as Antigen Carriers and Potential Adjuvant to DC Vaccines"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yanan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yilizilan","family":"Dilixiati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reyilanmu","family":"Maisaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, People\u2019s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patanmu","family":"Aili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3295-6096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinyao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, People\u2019s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adila","family":"Aipire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2023.0062","article-title":"NCCN Guidelines\u00ae Insights: Cervical Cancer, Version 1.2024","volume":"21","author":"Yashar","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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