{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:25:28Z","timestamp":1792027528097,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003086","name":"Basque Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IT1587-22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT1587-22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003086","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["IT1587-22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IT1587-22"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00pz2fp31","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Oritavancin therapy for complex infections remains challenging due to the lack of well-established dosing regimens. The objective of this work was to apply PK\/PD modeling and Monte Carlo simulation considering different PK\/PD targets to identify multiple-dosing regimens that may ensure effective concentrations of oritavancin for the treatment of long-term infections. Methods: Plasma concentration\u2013time profiles were simulated for different regimens (single dose of 1200 mg, 1200 mg followed by 800 mg every 7 days (q7d), 1200 mg followed by 800 mg q10d, 1200 mg q7d, 1200 mg q10d, 1200 mg q14d, 1200 mg q21d, and 1200 mg followed by 1200 mg on day 8, then 1200 mg q14d), and the probability of target attainment (PTA), indicative of treatment success, was estimated. Results: All dosing regimens provided probabilities of target attainment of 100% up to MICs of 0.5 mg\/L when AUC0\u201324\/MIC and Cmax\/MIC were applied. Considering AUC0\u201372\/MIC, the regimens would be adequate up to an MIC of 0.125 mg\/L. For fCmin &gt; MIC, all except 1200 mg q21d were adequate for an MIC of 0.125 mg\/L, and 1200 mg day 1 + 800 mg q7d and 1200 mg q10d may be useful to treat infections due to bacteria with an MIC of 0.25 mg\/L. Conclusions: More studies involving patients with complex infections are needed to better stablish the relationships among plasma concentrations, MIC values, and clinical outcomes. fCmin &gt; MIC should be investigated as a potential PK\/PD target for the treatment of these infections with oritavancin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics18050628","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T16:39:34Z","timestamp":1779295174000},"page":"628","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Oritavancin Multiple Dosing for Complex Infections: A Pharmacokinetic\/Pharmacodynamic Simulation Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2970-7766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Alarcia-Lacalle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacokinetic, Nanotechnology and Gene Therapy Group (PharmaNanoGene), Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Centre, University of the Basque Country EHU, Paseo de la Universidad n\u00b0 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5854-1497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel \u00c1ngel","family":"Mor\u00e1n-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Division, Araba University Hospital, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Francisco Leandro de Viana Kalea, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain"},{"name":"Microbiology, Infectious Disease, Antimicrobial Agents, and Gene Therapy, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Jose Atxotegi Kalea s\/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5795-0814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Morata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Cl\u00ednic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7575-2715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arantxa","family":"Isla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacokinetic, Nanotechnology and Gene Therapy Group (PharmaNanoGene), Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Centre, University of the Basque Country EHU, Paseo de la Universidad n\u00b0 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain"},{"name":"Microbiology, Infectious Disease, Antimicrobial Agents, and Gene Therapy, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Jose Atxotegi Kalea s\/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3836-9906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Canut-Blasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology, Infectious Disease, Antimicrobial Agents, and Gene Therapy, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Jose Atxotegi Kalea s\/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain"},{"name":"Microbiology Service, Araba University Hospital, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Francisco Leandro de Viana Kalea, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3195-6385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicia","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Gasc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacokinetic, Nanotechnology and Gene Therapy Group (PharmaNanoGene), Faculty of Pharmacy, Lascaray Research Centre, University of the Basque Country EHU, Paseo de la Universidad n\u00b0 7, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain"},{"name":"Microbiology, Infectious Disease, Antimicrobial Agents, and Gene Therapy, Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Jose Atxotegi Kalea s\/n, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-016-0103-4","article-title":"Oritavancin: A New Lipoglycopeptide Antibiotic in the Treatment of Gram-Positive Infections","volume":"5","author":"Brade","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect. 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