{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T04:30:39Z","timestamp":1786595439869,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ORF-2026-1578"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ORF-2026-1578"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["ORF-2026-1578"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ORF-2026-1578"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02f81g417","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Poor aqueous solubility of therapeutic molecules remains a limitation in the pharmaceutical development of lipophilic drugs. This requires formulation approaches that provide the desired therapeutic efficacy while being industry-friendly. This study aimed to optimize a thermoresponsive solid dispersion containing atorvastatin calcium to enhance its dissolution performance. Methods: Various nonaqueous solvents were screened to select a thermo-modulating agent. A central composite design was employed to investigate the impact of Pluronic F-68 concentration (5\u201315% w\/w) and atorvastatin calcium concentration (5\u201310% w\/w) on phase transition temperature and phase transition interval. Molecular interactions were assessed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The in vitro dissolution of the optimized thermoresponsive solid dispersion was assessed using a USP Apparatus II dissolution test. Results: Propylene glycol was identified as the optimal thermo-modulating agent, forming a rigid carrier through hydrogen bonding with Pluronic F-68. The optimized thermoresponsive solid dispersion consisted of 10.07% w\/w Pluronic F-68 and 9.98% w\/w atorvastatin calcium. It converted to a solution state at 32 \u00b0C. At physiological temperature, the phase transition interval was 111.66 s. Dissolution studies demonstrated that the thermoresponsive solid dispersion enhanced the dissolution profile of atorvastatin calcium within 5 min, 96.6 \u00b1 1.2% compared to 13.8 \u00b1 4.2% for the raw drug. A comparison of process characteristics indicated fewer unit operations and no organic-solvent requirement relative to conventional techniques. Conclusions: This approach enhances dissolution performance and eliminates the need for organic solvents through simple manufacturing processes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics18080993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T16:30:32Z","timestamp":1786465832000},"page":"993","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Thermoresponsive Solid Dispersion to Enhance Dissolution Profile of Atorvastatin Calcium: An Industrially Sustainable Alternative to Conventional Approaches"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1842-6010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdelrahman Y.","family":"Sherif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7535-5453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhalani, D.V., Nutan, B., Kumar, A., and Singh Chandel, A.K. 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