{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T11:24:08Z","timestamp":1787743448603,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Stipendium Hungaricum Scholarship, University of Szeged, Hungary"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01pnej532","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Fund of Albert Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Hungary"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01pnej532","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of Szeged Open Access Fund"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01pnej532","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Sex hormones play crucial functions in the body via the genomic and non-genomic pathways. 5\u03b1- and 5\u03b2-dihydrotestosterone (5\u03b1- and 5\u03b2-DHT) are 5-reduced testosterone metabolites. We aimed to investigate the non-genomic effect of 5\u03b1- and 5\u03b2-DHT on uterine muscle contractility in vitro and in vivo for non-pregnant and 22-day-pregnant rats. Methods: The rapid in vitro action of 5\u03b1-DHT and 5\u03b2-DHT (10\u22129\u201310\u22123 M) on KCl (25 mM)-stimulated contractions was examined in an organ bath in the presence of several blockers and after endometrium removal. The actions of DHTs (10\u22124 M) and nifedipine (10\u22127 M) were also examined in contractions stimulated by KCl (40 mM) with a cumulative addition of CaCl2 (3\u2013120 mM). Plasma DHT levels were measured by ELISA after a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of DHT (10 mg\/kg), and kinetic curves were obtained. The in vivo relaxing action of DHTs was detected by strain-gauge sensors. The animals received 5\u03b1- or 5\u03b2-DHT alone (3\/10\/30\/100\/300 mg\/kg i.p.) or with flutamide (100 mg\/kg i.p.). Results: DHT showed concentration-dependent relaxation of uterine muscle in vitro, with a higher potency observed for 5\u03b2-DHT. Among the blockers used, G15 and L-NAME reduced the potency of 5\u03b1-DHT in pregnant rats only. Both DHTs inhibited the contraction-increasing effect of CaCl2, proving their Ca2+ inhibiting effects. DHTs had similar cmax and tmax values in both non-pregnant and pregnant rats. DHT plasma levels before and 30 min after administration were proportional to the administered doses. Their single doses (30\/100\/300 mg\/kg) elicited a flutamide-resistant uterine relaxing effect in vivo. Conclusions: DHTs or their analogs are candidates for further studies in the human uterus to establish their potential to treat conditions associated with uterine hyperactivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics18091063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T10:59:23Z","timestamp":1787741963000},"page":"1063","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Non-Genomic Actions of Testosterone Metabolites on Uterine Contractility in Rats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Saif-alnasr H.","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert-Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman 14415, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman B.","family":"Mousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert-Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bahri, Alkadroo 11111, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Taj-Eldin","family":"Abdalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert-Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum 11111, Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9836-1431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita","family":"Sztojkov-Ivanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5878-4691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K\u00e1lm\u00e1n F.","family":"Sz\u0171cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert-Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1571-7579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u00f3bert","family":"G\u00e1sp\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Albert-Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-973430","article-title":"Non-genomic sex steroid actions in the vascular system","volume":"25","author":"Fu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin. 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