{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:10:45Z","timestamp":1792789845052,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Innovation Project of Qilu University of Technology","award":["2025ZDZX14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025ZDZX14"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04hyzq608","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["2025ZDZX14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025ZDZX14"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04hyzq608","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011482","name":"Yantai Science and Technology Program Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024ZDCX026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024ZDCX026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Project of Shandong Province Key Research and Development Program","award":["2023LZGC005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023LZGC005"]}]},{"name":"Project of Shandong Province Key Research and Development Program","award":["2023CXPT037"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023CXPT037"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pharmaceutics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Current treatments for allergic rhinitis (AR) are associated with side effects and do not provide a definitive cure. Angelica dahurica has recognized anti-inflammatory activity; however, the therapeutic potential of Angelica dahurica-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (ADELNs) in AR remains insufficiently explored. In addition, although ultrasonic nebulization is widely used for airway inflammatory diseases, including pulmonary disorders and asthma, its application in AR has received limited attention. Methods: ADELNs were isolated by differential centrifugation and ultracentrifugation and characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), SDS-PAGE, and agarose gel electrophoresis. To evaluate the effects of ultrasonic nebulized ADELNs on AR, we designed and validated a mouse nasal nebulization device. Cellular inflammation and OVA-induced AR mouse models were then established, and inflammatory and pathological indicators were assessed using ELISA, RT-qPCR, histological staining, and related assays. Western blotting was used to investigate the involvement of the NF-\u03baB signaling pathway. Result: ADELNs were successfully isolated and exhibited typical exosome-like characteristics. The ultrasonic nebulization device showed good stability. Nebulized ADELNs alleviated AR symptoms in mice in a concentration-dependent manner, reduced inflammatory cytokines, serum histamine, and OVA-specific IgE, downregulated inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression in the nasal mucosa, improved nasal mucosal thickness, and decreased mast cell infiltration. To explore the potential mechanism, ADELN treatment was associated with reduced I\u03baB and p65 phosphorylation and decreased NF-\u03baB nuclear translocation, suggesting that modulation of NF-\u03baB signaling may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of ADELNs. Conclusions: This study successfully isolated and characterized ADELNs. Using a self-designed ultrasonic nebulization device for mouse nasal delivery, we showed that ADELNs inhibited cellular inflammation in vitro, alleviated symptoms and pathological injury in AR mice, and may exert anti-AR effects by suppressing the NF-\u03baB signaling pathway. These findings provide a new strategy for AR treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics18091193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T12:50:03Z","timestamp":1789995003000},"page":"1193","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Angelica dahurica Exosome-like Nanovesicles Delivered by Ultrasonic Nebulization Alleviate Allergic Rhinitis and Modulate NF-\u03baB Signaling"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Anqi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, 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Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Qiulin","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, 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