{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:54:37Z","timestamp":1788432877145,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Research Center of Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia","award":["RCAMS\/KKU\/04\/20."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RCAMS\/KKU\/04\/20."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Heavy metals are primarily generated and deposited in the environment, causing phytotoxicity. This work evaluated fenugreek plants\u2019 morpho-physiological and biochemical responses under mercury stress conditions toward Ag nanoparticles and Sphingobacterium ginsenosidiumtans applications. The fabrication of Ag nanoparticles by Thymus vulgaris was monitored and described by UV\/Vis analysis, FTIR, and SEM. The effect of mercury on vegetative growth was determined by measuring the root and shoots length, the number and area of leaves, the relative water content, and the weight of the green and dried plants; appraisal of photosynthetic pigments, proline, hydrogen peroxide, and total phenols content were also performed. In addition, the manipulation of Ag nanoparticles, S. ginsenosidiumtans, and their combination were tested for mercury stress. Here, Ag nanoparticles were formed at 420 nm with a uniform cuboid form and size of 85 nm. Interestingly, the gradual suppression of vegetal growth and photosynthetic pigments by mercury, Ag nanoparticles, and S. ginsenosidiumtans were detected; however, carotenoids and anthocyanins were significantly increased. In addition, proline, hydrogen peroxide, and total phenols content were significantly increased because mercury and S. ginsenosidiumtans enhance this increase. Ag nanoparticles achieve higher levels by the combination. Thus, S. ginsenosidiumtans and Ag nanoparticles could have the plausible ability to relieve and combat mercury\u2019s dangerous effects in fenugreek.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10071349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T21:55:52Z","timestamp":1625176552000},"page":"1349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Assessment of Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Mercury-Stressed Trigonella foenum-gracum L. to Silver Nanoparticles and Sphingobacterium ginsenosidiumtans Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0005-504X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahlam","family":"Khalofah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Kilany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza 12561, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hussein","family":"Migdadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"National Agricultural Research Center, Baqa 19381, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2189","DOI":"10.3390\/su7022189","article-title":"Bioremediation of heavy metals from soil and aquatic environment: An overview of principles and criteria of fundamental processes","volume":"7","author":"Dixit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.17221\/210\/2009-PSE","article-title":"Influence of mercury on chlorophyll content in winter wheat and mercury bioaccumulation","volume":"56","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plant Soil Environ."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-013-3472-0","article-title":"Accumulation of heavy metals in leaf vegetables from agricultural soils and associated potential health risks in the Pearl River Delta South China","volume":"186","author":"Chang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. 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