{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T01:25:43Z","timestamp":1790558743164,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]],"date-time":"2022-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Ammania aegyptiaca ethanol extract (AEEE) showed high concentrations of polyphenol and flavonoid content, with notable antioxidant activity. Undescribed acylated diglucoside flavonol myricetin 3-O-\u03b2-4C1-(6\u2033-O-galloyl glucopyranoside) 7-O-\u03b2-4C1-glucopyranoside (MGGG) was isolated from the aerial parts of AEEE, along with four known polyphenols that had not been characterized previously from AEEE. The inhibitory effects of MGGG, AEEE, and all compounds against \u03b1-amylase, pancreatic lipase and \u03b2-glucosidase were assessed. In addition, molecular docking was used to determine the inhibition of digestive enzymes, and this confirmed that the MGGG interacted strongly with the active site residues of these enzymes, with the highest binding free energy against \u03b1-amylase (\u22128.99 kcal\/mol), as compared to the commercial drug acarbose (\u22125.04 kcal\/mol), thus justifying its use in the potential management of diabetes. In streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats, AEEE significantly decreased high serum glucose, \u03b1-amylase activity and serum liver and kidney function markers, as well as increasing insulin blood level. Moreover, AEEE improved the lipid profile of diabetic animals, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and inhibited lipid peroxidation. Histopathological studies proved the decrease in pancreas damage and supported the biochemical findings. These results provide evidence that AEEE and MGGG possess potent antidiabetic activity, which warrants additional investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11030452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]],"date-time":"2022-02-06T20:38:40Z","timestamp":1644179920000},"page":"452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Antidiabetic Activity and In Silico Molecular Docking of Polyphenols from Ammannia baccifera L. subsp. Aegyptiaca (Willd.) Koehne Waste: Structure Elucidation of Undescribed Acylated Flavonol Diglucoside"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1846-2265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noha","family":"Swilam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), El Sherouk City 11837, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud A. M.","family":"Nawwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research Centre, Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematic, Dokki 12622, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasha A.","family":"Radwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University-Kantara Branch, El Ismailia 41611, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eman S.","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University of Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA University), Giza 11787, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg199","article-title":"Associations of diabetes mellitus and ethnicity with mortality in a multiethnic Asian population: Data from the 1992 Singapore National Health Survey","volume":"158","author":"Ma","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. 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