{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T12:39:31Z","timestamp":1771331971394,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]],"date-time":"2022-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31670524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31670524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["B16011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B16011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Program for Introducing Talents to Universities","award":["31670524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31670524"]}]},{"name":"Program for Introducing Talents to Universities","award":["B16011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B16011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Both atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and soil microbial legacy (SML) can affect plant performance, the activity of soil N-cycling functional microbes and the relative abundance of N-cycling functional genes (NCFGs). In the grassland vegetation successional process, how the interaction of SML and N deposition affects the performance of dominant grass and NCFGs remains unclear. Therefore, we planted Leymus chinensis, a dominant grass in the Songnen grassland, in the soil taken from the early, medium, late, and stable successional stages. We subjected the plants to soil sterilization and N addition treatments and measured the plant traits and NCFG abundances (i.e., nifH, AOB amoA, nirS, and nirK). Our results showed the biomass and ramet number of L. chinensis in sterilized soil were significantly higher than those in non-sterilized soil, indicating that SML negatively affects the growth of L. chinensis. However, N addition increased the plant biomass and the AOB amoA gene abundance only in sterilized soils, implying that SML overrode the N addition effects because SML buffered the effects of increasing soil N availability on NCFGs. Therefore, we emphasize the potential role of SML in assessing the effects of N deposition on dominant plant performance and NCFGs in the grassland vegetation succession.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11101305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,14]],"date-time":"2022-05-14T09:27:56Z","timestamp":1652520476000},"page":"1305","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Soil Microbial Legacy Overrides the Responses of a Dominant Grass and Nitrogen-Cycling Functional Microbes in Grassland Soil to Nitrogen Addition"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Minghui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"},{"name":"Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueli","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"},{"name":"Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fu","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"},{"name":"Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhuo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"},{"name":"Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"},{"name":"Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"},{"name":"Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Ecosystem Management, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2745.2011.01815.x","article-title":"Intra-and interspecific plant-soil interactions, soil legacies and priority effects during old-field succession","volume":"99","author":"Martijn","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e03083","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.3083","article-title":"Ectomycorrhizal fungi drive positive phylogenetic plant-soil feedbacks in a regionally dominant tropical plant family","volume":"101","author":"Segnitz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2240","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2745.13185","article-title":"Plant species richness elicits changes in the metabolome of grassland species via soil biotic legacy","volume":"107","author":"Ristok","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"980","article-title":"Plant-soil feedbacks: A meta-analytical review","volume":"11","author":"Kulmatiski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1890\/06-0502","article-title":"Microbe-mediated plant-soil feedback causes historical contingency effects in plant community assembly","volume":"77","author":"Kardol","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ecol. Monogr."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1890\/02-0298","article-title":"Grassroots ecology: Plant-microbe-soil interactions as drivers of plant community structure and dynamics","volume":"84","author":"Reynolds","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.12915","article-title":"Are plant-soil feedback responses explained by plant traits?","volume":"204","author":"Baxendale","year":"2014","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.14661","article-title":"Legacy effects of drought on plant-soil feedbacks and plant-plant interactions","volume":"215","author":"Kaisermann","year":"2017","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3393","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.13613","article-title":"Regional variation in the temperature sensitivity of soil organic matter decomposition in china\u2019s forests and grasslands","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Glob. Change Biol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2745.12388","article-title":"Complementarity and selection effects in early and mid-successional plant communities are differentially affected by plant-soil feedback","volume":"103","author":"Jing","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2006.00953.x","article-title":"Temporal variation in plant-soil feedback controls succession","volume":"9","author":"Kardol","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ecol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1038\/417067a","article-title":"Feedback with soil biota contributes to plant rarity and invasiveness in communities","volume":"417","author":"Klironomos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1461-0248.2005.00802.x","article-title":"Plant invasion alters nitrogen cycling by modifying the soil nitrifying community","volume":"8","author":"Hawkes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ecol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2012.09.016","article-title":"Phenolic inputs by invasive species could impart seasonal variations in nitrogen pools in the introduced soils: A case study with Polygonum cuspidatum","volume":"57","author":"Tharayil","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1111\/aec.12515","article-title":"Acacia saligna\u2019s soil legacy effects persist up to 10 years after clearing: Implications for ecological restoration","volume":"42","author":"Nsikani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Austral. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15161","article-title":"Expression of N-cycling genes of root microbiomes provides insights for sustaining oilseed crop production","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1007\/s00374-020-01435-2","article-title":"Legacy effects of 8-year nitrogen inputs on bacterial assemblage in wheat rhizosphere","volume":"56","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol. Fertil. Soils."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2010.03563.x","article-title":"Responses of ecosystem nitrogen cycle to nitrogen addition: A meta-analysis","volume":"189","author":"Lu","year":"2011","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06503","article-title":"Loss of plant species after chronic low-level nitrogen deposition to prairie grasslands","volume":"451","author":"Clark","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.12734","article-title":"Soil freezing and N deposition: Transient vs multi-year effects on plant productivity and relative species abundance","volume":"202","author":"Vankoughnett","year":"2014","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.16671","article-title":"Legacy effects of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on vegetation and carbon stocks of upland heaths","volume":"228","author":"Britton","year":"2020","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/avsc.12364","article-title":"Legacy effects of historical grazing affect the response of vegetation dynamics to water and nitrogen addition in semi-arid steppe","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Veg. Sci."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.13232","article-title":"Why are plant-soil feedbacks so unpredictable, and what to do about it?","volume":"33","author":"Fry","year":"2019","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2486.2009.01950.x","article-title":"Tradeoffs and thresholds in the effects of nitrogen addition on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning: Evidence from inner Mongolia Grasslands","volume":"16","author":"Bai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Glob. Change Biol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1002\/2014JG002660","article-title":"Modeling the carbon cost of plant nitrogen acquisition: Mycorrhizal trade-offs and multipath resistance uptake improve predictions of retranslocation","volume":"119","author":"Brzostek","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2664.12929","article-title":"Legacy effects of diversity in space and time driven by winter cover crop biomass and nirogen concentration","volume":"55","author":"Barel","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Appl. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1006\/jare.1996.0214","article-title":"Effects of grazing on a Leymus chinensis grassland on the Songnen plain of north-eastern China","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Arid Environ."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actao.2004.08.007","article-title":"Do rhizome severing and shoot defoliation affect clonal growth of Leymus chinensis at ramet population level?","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Oecol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2019.01.011","article-title":"Nitrogen addition interacted with salinity-alkalinity to modify plant diversity, microbial plfas and soil coupled elements: A 5-year experiment","volume":"137","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4072","DOI":"10.1021\/es5047233","article-title":"Divergent responses of soil buffering capacity to long-term N deposition in three typical tropical forests with different land-use history","volume":"49","author":"Lu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1654-109X.2009.01048.x","article-title":"Vegetation restoration of secondary bare saline-alkali patches in the Songnen plain, China","volume":"13","author":"Jiang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl. Veg. Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.13497","article-title":"Plant community composition steers grassland vegetation via soil legacy effects","volume":"23","author":"Heinen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2018.03.001","article-title":"Land use legacy regulates microbial community composition in transplanted chernozems","volume":"129","author":"Katulanda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2016.10.009","article-title":"Responses of soil microbial functional genes to global changes are indirectly influenced by aboveground plant biomass variation","volume":"104","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2015.07.017","article-title":"The role of ammonium oxidizing communities in mediating effects of an invasive plant on soil nitrification","volume":"90","author":"Reynolds","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2016.07.024","article-title":"Linking microbial communities, functional genes and nitrogen-cycling processes in forest floors under four tree species","volume":"103","author":"Ribbons","year":"2016","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02917","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.2917","article-title":"Looking back to look ahead: A vision for soil denitrification research","volume":"101","author":"Almaraz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2008.128","article-title":"Relationship between N-cycling communities and ecosystem functioning in a 50-year-old fertilization experiment","volume":"3","author":"Hallin","year":"2009","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1111\/1574-6941.12015","article-title":"Effect of nitrogen and waterlogging on denitrifier gene abundance, community structure and activity in the rhizosphere of wheat","volume":"83","author":"Hamonts","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2010.12.018","article-title":"Long-term plant growth legacies overwhelm short-term plant growth effects on soil microbial community structure","volume":"43","author":"Kulmatiski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2009.0109","article-title":"Technical reports: Plant and environment interactions responses of a dominant temperate grassland plant (Leymus chinensis) to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in China","volume":"39","author":"Lin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj2016.03.0070","article-title":"Legacy effect of fertilization and tillage systems on nitrogen mineralization and microbial communities","volume":"80","author":"Wyngaard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2745.2010.01695.x","article-title":"Plant-soil feedback: Experimental approaches, statistical analyses and ecological interpretations","volume":"98","author":"Brinkman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2018.06.017","article-title":"Impacts of long-term nitrogen addition, watering and mowing on ammonia oxidizers, denitrifiers and plant communities in a temperate steppe","volume":"130","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2017.03.005","article-title":"Revegetation affects soil denitrifying communities in a riparian ecotone","volume":"103","author":"Ye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecol. Eng."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-016-3611-8","article-title":"Plant species diversity affects soil-atmosphere fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide","volume":"181","author":"Niklaus","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejsobi.2020.103263","article-title":"Response of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea abundance and activity to land use changes in agricultural systems of the central andes","volume":"102","author":"Richaume","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Soil Biol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2016.11.011","article-title":"Spatial and temporal dynamics of nitrogen fixing, nitrifying and denitrifying microbes in an unfertilized grassland soil","volume":"109","author":"Regan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1466-8238.2008.00441.x","article-title":"A global study of relationships between leaf traits, climate and soil measures of nutrient fertility","volume":"18","author":"Ordonez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Global Ecol. Biogeogr."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-5347(01)02265-0","article-title":"Linking above and belowground multitrophic interactions of plants, herbivores, pathogens, and their antagonists","volume":"16","author":"Vet","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends. Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"1","article-title":"Organic fertilizer abrasive grits increase soil available nitrogen, plant height, and biomass","volume":"3","author":"Carlson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Agr. Geosci. Environ."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2014.08.007","article-title":"Interactions among soil, plants, and microorganisms drive secondary succession in a dry environment","volume":"78","author":"Lozano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agee.2016.05.003","article-title":"Effects of secondary succession and afforestation practices on soil properties after cropland abandonment in humid Mediterranean mountain areas","volume":"228","author":"Cammeraat","year":"2016","journal-title":"Agr. Ecosyst. Environ."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.2134\/jeq2019.05.0187","article-title":"Changes in Potential Nitrous Oxide Efflux during Grassland Restoration","volume":"48","author":"Scott","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Qual."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-015-2649-4","article-title":"Phosphorus amendment mitigates nitrogen addition-induced phosphorus limitation in two plant species in a desert steppe, China","volume":"399","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2005.01530.x","article-title":"Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in china","volume":"168","author":"Han","year":"2005","journal-title":"New Phytol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2013.104","article-title":"Responses of soil bacterial and fungal communities to extreme desiccation and rewetting","volume":"7","author":"Barnard","year":"2013","journal-title":"ISME J."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.13341","article-title":"Drought soil legacy overrides maternal effects on plant growth","volume":"33","author":"Semchenko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.13303","article-title":"A plant perspective on nitrogen cycling in the rhizosphere","volume":"33","author":"Moreau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Funct. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"305","article-title":"The Utilization of Nitrogen by Plants: A Whole Plant Perspective","volume":"42","author":"Foyer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annual Plant Reviews. Nitrogen Metabolism in Plants in the Post-genomic Era"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2745.12032","article-title":"Independent variations of plant and soil mixtures reveal soil feedback effects on plant community overyielding","volume":"101","author":"Hendriks","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2745.2009.01536.x","article-title":"Vegetation composition promotes carbon and nitrogen storage in model grassland communities of contrasting soil fertility","volume":"97","author":"Quirk","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Ecol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7503","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.3307","article-title":"Rhododendron aureum Georgi formed a special soil microbial community and competed with above-ground plants on the tundra of the Changbai Mountain, China","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/oik.06812","article-title":"Plant traits shape soil legacy effects on individual plant-insect interactions","volume":"129","author":"Heinen","year":"2020","journal-title":"OIKOS"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-037X.2005.00172.x","article-title":"The exploitation of crop allelopathy in sustainable agricultural production","volume":"191","author":"Khanh","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Agron. Crop Sci."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2020.103872","article-title":"Dominant plant identity determines the soil extracellular enzyme activities of entire communities in the semi-arid grassland","volume":"161","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"ref_67","unstructured":"Su, D.X., and Zhang, Z.H. (2004). Parameters for Degradation, Sandification and Salification of Rangelands, General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People\u2019s Republic. Available online: https:\/\/www.antpedia.com\/standard\/567725.html."},{"key":"ref_68","unstructured":"Wang, D.L., Guo, J.X., and Li, J.D. (2019). Theory and Technology of the Restoration in Songnen Alkali-Saline Grassland, Science Press."},{"key":"ref_69","unstructured":"Pellant, M., Shaver, P., Pyke, D.A., and Herrick, J.E. (2019, May 24). Interpreting Indicators of Rangeland Health, version 4, Available online: https:\/\/www.blm.gov\/nstc\/library\/techref.htm."},{"key":"ref_70","unstructured":"Wu, Z.Y., and Wang, X.B. (1995). The Vegetation of China, Science Press."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2010.08.029","article-title":"Plant genotype strongly modifies the structure and growth of maize rhizosphere microbial communities","volume":"42","author":"Aira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_72","first-page":"985","article-title":"Nitrogen mineralization, immobilization, and nitrification","volume":"5","author":"Hart","year":"1994","journal-title":"Methods Soil Anal. Part 2 Microbiol. Biochem. Prop."},{"key":"ref_73","unstructured":"Burnham, K.P., and Anderson, D.R. (2002). Model Selection and Multimodel Inference: A Practical Information-Theoretic Approach, Springer."},{"key":"ref_74","first-page":"23","article-title":"Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures","volume":"8","author":"Moosbrugger","year":"2003","journal-title":"MPR-Online"},{"key":"ref_75","unstructured":"R Core Team (2015). R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Available online: https:\/\/www.R-project.org."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2019.00115","article-title":"Diazotroph diversity and nitrogen fixation in summer active perennial grasses in a mediterranean region agricultural soil","volume":"6","author":"Vadakattu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11033","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47380-5","article-title":"The N-fixing legume periandra mediterranea constrains the invasion of an exotic grass (Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv) by altering soil N cycling","volume":"9","author":"Nogueira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15133","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33594-6","article-title":"Short-term effect of Eucalyptus plantations on soil microbial communities and soil-atmosphere methane and nitrous oxide exchange","volume":"8","author":"Cuer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02969-19","article-title":"Different Effects of Soil Fertilization on Bacterial Community Composition in the Penicillium canescens Hyphosphere and in Bulk Soil","volume":"86","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Plants"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2223-7747\/11\/10\/1305\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:10:30Z","timestamp":1760137830000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2223-7747\/11\/10\/1305"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["plants11101305"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/plants11101305","relation":{},"ISSN":["2223-7747"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2223-7747","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]]}}}