{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T15:06:35Z","timestamp":1789139195477,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]],"date-time":"2022-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI)","award":["PNURSP2022R65"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2022R65"]}]},{"name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University\u2019s Researchers Support","award":["PNURSP2022R65"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNURSP2022R65"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In order to develop high-yielding genotypes of adapted maize, multilocation trials of maize were performed including forty-five maize hybrids exploiting genetic variability, trait associations, and diversity. The experiments were laid out in an RCB design and data were recorded on eight yield and yield-contributing traits, viz., days to anthesis (AD), days to silking (SD), anthesis\u2013silking interval (ASI), plant height (PH), ear height (EH), kernels per ear (KPE), thousand-kernel weight (TKW), and grain yield (GY). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant variation present among the different traits under study. The phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) showed a higher value than the genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV), indicating the environmental influence on the expression of the traits. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was found for these traits, indicative of additive gene action. The trait associations showed that genotypic correlation was higher than phenotypic correlation. Based on genetic diversity, the total genotypes were divided into four clusters, and the maximum number of 16 genotypes was found in cluster IV. Among the eight yield and yield-contributing traits, PH, ASI, EH, and TKW were the important traits for variability creation and were mostly responsible for yield. Genotypes G5, G8, G27, G29, and G42 were in the top ranks based on grain yield over locations, while a few others showed region-centric performances; all these genotypes can be recommended upon validation for commercial release. The present findings show the existence of proper genetic variability and divergence among traits, and the identified traits can be used in a maize improvement program.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11111522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]],"date-time":"2022-06-07T00:10:33Z","timestamp":1654560633000},"page":"1522","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Genetic Variation and Genotype by Environment Interaction for Agronomic Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8839-7895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Alam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bogura 5810, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7236-4709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marufur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Station, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Training on Applied Nutrition, Rangapur 5470, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salahuddin","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maize Breeding Division, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasrin","family":"Jahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Genetic Resources Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4781-4488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Pabna 6620, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8299-1906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amnah","family":"Alsuhaibani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Sport Science, College of Education, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8297-935X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Gaber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0264-2712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akbar","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nigjg.2015.06.005","article-title":"Genetic variation, heritability, genetic advance and agronomic character association of yellow elite inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.)","volume":"28","author":"Ogunniyan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Niger. J. 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