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They are prevalent in Botswana and although Botswana has begun mass drug administration with the hope of eliminating soil-transmitted helminths as a public health problem, the prevalence of schistosomiasis does not meet the threshold required to warrant large-scale interventions. Although Botswana has a modern healthcare system, many people in Botswana rely on traditional medicine to treat worm infections and schistosomiasis. In this study, ten plant species used by traditional health practitioners against worm infections were collected and tested against Ancylostoma ceylanicum (zoonotic hookworm), Heligmosomoides polygyrus (roundworm of rodents), Necator americanus (New World hookworm), Schistosoma mansoni (blood fluke) [adult and newly transformed schistosomula (NTS)], Strongyloides ratti (threadworm) and Trichuris muris (nematode parasite of mice) in vitro. Extracts of two plants, Laphangium luteoalbum and Commiphora pyaracanthoides, displayed promising anthelmintic activity against NTS and adult S. mansoni, respectively. L. luteoalbum displayed 85.4% activity at 1 \u03bcg\/mL against NTS, while C. pyracanthoides displayed 78.5% activity against adult S. mansoni at 10 \u03bcg\/mL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11212945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T03:36:44Z","timestamp":1667360204000},"page":"2945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Medicinal Plant Preparations Administered by Botswana Traditional Health Practitioners for Treatment of Worm Infections Show Anthelmintic Activities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1043-0480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mthandazo","family":"Dube","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3931-8046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boingotlo","family":"Raphane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Gaborone P.O. Box 0022, Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bongani","family":"Sethebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Gaborone P.O. Box 0022, Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nkaelang","family":"Seputhe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kwame Legwame Traditional Association, Maun, Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsholofelo","family":"Tiroyakgosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kwame Legwame Traditional Association, Maun, Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Imming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"H\u00e4berli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0290-3521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Keiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2925-2263","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norbert","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Andrae-Marobela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Botswana, Gaborone P.O. Box 0022, Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herricks, J.R., Hotez, P.J., Wanga, V., Coffeng, L.E., Haagsma, J.A., Basa\u00f1ez, M.G., Buckle, G., Budke, C.M., Carabin, H., and F\u00e8vre, E.M. (2017). The global burden of disease study 2013: What does it mean for the NTDs?. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 11.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005424"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ochola, E.A., Karanja, D.M.S., and Elliott, S.J. (2021). The impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) on health and wellbeing in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): A case study of Kenya. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009131"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022, June 23). 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