{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:47:00Z","timestamp":1760122020430,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Forest Service (Korea Forestry Promotion Institute)","award":["019141A00-1921-AB02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["019141A00-1921-AB02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-osteoporosis effects of Osmanthus fragrans leaf ethanol extract (OFLEE) in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) and animals with osteoporosis. OFLEE not only suppressed tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells with multiple nuclei but also decreased TRAP activity in BMM treated with macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-\u03baB (NF-\u03baB) ligand (RANKL). The formation of F-actin rings and the expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases were decreased by OFLEE in BMM treated with M-CSF and RANKL. OFLEE suppressed M-CSF- and RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting NF-\u03baB phosphorylation, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6, c-fos, the nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1, and cathepsin K in BMM. OFLEE downregulated reactive oxygen species, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor \u03b1, interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-17, and RANKL in BMM treated with M-CSF and RANKL. Oral administration of OFLEE suppressed osteoporotic bone loss without hepatotoxicity in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis animals. Our findings suggest that OFLEE, with anti-inflammatory effects, prevents osteoporotic bone loss through the suppression of osteoclastic differentiation in BMM and animals with osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12020253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T06:11:51Z","timestamp":1672899111000},"page":"253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Ethanol Extracts of Osmanthus fragrans Leaves Ameliorate the Bone Loss via the Inhibition of Osteoclastogenesis in Osteoporosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yo-Seob","family":"Seo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HyangI","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Yeon","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyeong-Rok","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Do Kyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyun-Hwa","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deuk-Sil","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeollanamdo Forest Resources Research Institute, Naju 58213, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae-Sung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.08.047","article-title":"Epidemiology, etiology, and diagnosis of osteoporosis","volume":"194","author":"Lane","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. 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