{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:53:17Z","timestamp":1786495997339,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":150,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["190428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["190428"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Harmful usage of tobacco is a global public health problem associated with adverse health effects and addiction. Yet, in the Peruvian Amazon, the native region of Nicotiana rustica L., this plant is used in remarkably different manners: it is considered a potent medicinal plant, applied in liquid form for oral ingestion to treat mental health problems, a common and ancient healing practice in this region. Using a transdisciplinary field research approach with mixed ethnopsychological methods, this work aimed to report for the first time a case study in this context. The intervention took place in the Peruvian Amazon (Loreto) and involved ritual tobacco ingestion in a weeklong retreat-like frame, administered by a specialized traditional Amazonian healer. The patient was a 37-year-old woman with diagnosed mood, anxiety, and attention deficit disorders, as well as a chronic somatic condition. We applied qualitative experience-sampling during and quantitative symptom assessments pre- and post-treatment. Our findings offer a detailed description of the experiential therapeutic process during the treatment week and suggest clinically relevant improvements in patient well-being. This work is significant in view of the globally prevalent harmful uses of tobacco and the current scientific trend of revisiting herbal psychoactives (e.g., cannabis, psilocybin) for their therapeutic potentials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12020346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T02:28:44Z","timestamp":1673490524000},"page":"346","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Indigenous-Amazonian Traditional Medicine\u2019s Usage of the Tobacco Plant: A Transdisciplinary Ethnopsychological Mixed-Methods Case Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ilana","family":"Berlowitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Research, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ernesto","family":"Garc\u00eda Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Traditional Amazonian Healer, Loreto, Iquitos 1600, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Maake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1602-1143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ursula","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3859-9023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chantal","family":"Martin-Soelch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01169-7","article-title":"Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: A systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"397","author":"Reitsma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martin-Soelch, C. 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