{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T10:54:45Z","timestamp":1788692085827,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Programa para el Desarrollo Profesional Docente, M\u00e9xico (PRODEP-M\u00e9xico)","award":["511-6\/2019-13412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["511-6\/2019-13412"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Sphaeralcea angustifolia plant is used as an anti-inflammatory and gastrointestinal protector in Mexican traditional medicine. The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects have been attributed to scopoletin (1), tomentin (2), and sphaeralcic acid (3) isolated from cells in suspension cultures and identified in the aerial tissues of the wild plant. The hairy roots from S. angustifolia established by infecting internodes with Agrobacterium rhizogenes were explored to produce active compounds based on biosynthetic stability and their capacity to produce new compounds. Chemical analysis was resumed after 3 years in these transformed roots, SaTRN12.2 (line 1) produced scopoletin (0.0022 mg g\u22121) and sphaeralcic acid (0.22 mg g\u22121); instead, the SaTRN7.1 (line 2) only produced sphaeralcic acid (3.07 mg g\u22121). The sphaeralcic acid content was 85-fold higher than that reported for the cells in the suspension cultivated into flakes, and it was similar when the cells in suspension were cultivated in a stirring tank under nitrate restriction. Moreover, both hairy root lines produced stigmasterol (4) and \u03b2-sitosterol (5), as well as two new naphthoic derivates: iso-sphaeralcic acid (6)\u00a0and 8-methyl-iso-sphaeralcic acid (7), which turned out to be isomers of sphaeralcic acid (3) and have not been reported. The dichloromethane\u2013methanol extract from SaTRN7.1 hairy root line had a gastroprotective effect on an ulcer model in mice induced with ethanol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12051090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T03:03:48Z","timestamp":1677639828000},"page":"1090","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Production of Two Isomers of Sphaeralcic Acid in Hairy Roots from Sphaeralcea angustifolia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9616-7344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Barrera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa (UAM-Iztapalapa), Av. Ferrocarril de San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1a. Secci\u00f3n, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico 09310, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3693-1670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manas\u00e9s","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Cortazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica del Sur (CIBIS), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Argentina No. 1 Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1836-9397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rogelio","family":"Reyes-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica del Sur (CIBIS), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Argentina No. 1 Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dolores","family":"P\u00e9rez-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica del Sur (CIBIS), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Argentina No. 1 Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9056-3568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maribel","family":"Herrera-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica del Sur (CIBIS), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Argentina No. 1 Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Arellano-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biotecnolog\u00eda (CeIB), Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Circuito Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7127-7264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Cruz-Sosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa (UAM-Iztapalapa), Av. Ferrocarril de San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1a. Secci\u00f3n, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico 09310, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2045-6665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Nicasio-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica del Sur (CIBIS), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Argentina No. 1 Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Aguilar, A., Camacho, R., and Chino, S. (1994). Herbario Medicinal del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Argueta, V.A., Cano, L., and Rodarte, M. (1994). 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