{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T12:24:41Z","timestamp":1792499081838,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Andrographis paniculata is widely used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries. It has been classified as a safe and non-toxic medicine by traditional Chinese medicine. The investigation of the biological activities of A. paniculata is still focused on the crude extract and isolation of its main active compound, andrographolide, and its derivatives. However, the use of andrographolide alone has been shown to exacerbate unwanted effects. This highlights the importance of developing a fraction of A. paniculata with enhanced efficacy as an herbal-based medicine. In this study, the extraction and fractionation of A. paniculata, followed by quantitative analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a DAD detector, were established to quantify the andrographolide and its derivative in each fraction. Biological activities, such as antioxidant, anticancer, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory activities, were evaluated to study their correlations with the quantification of active substances of A. paniculata extract and its fractions. The 50% methanolic fraction of A. paniculata exhibited the best cytotoxic activities against CACO-2 cells, as well as the best anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive activities compared to other extracts. The 50% methanolic fraction also displayed the highest quantification of its main active compound, andrographolide, and its derivatives, 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide, neoandrographolide, and andrograpanin, among others.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants12061220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T01:58:22Z","timestamp":1678240702000},"page":"1220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Evaluations of Andrographolide-Rich Fractions of Andrographis paniculata with Enhanced Potential Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antihypertensive, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7531-8115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sya\u2019ban Putra","family":"Adiguna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"},{"name":"Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for\u00a0Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7297-0979","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan Ardhianto","family":"Panggabean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"},{"name":"Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for\u00a0Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Respati Tri","family":"Swasono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siti Irma","family":"Rahmawati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for\u00a0Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fauzia","family":"Izzati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for\u00a0Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asep","family":"Bayu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for\u00a0Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9879-3293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masteria Yunovilsa","family":"Putra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Vaccine and Drugs, Research Organisation for\u00a0Healths, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Formisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, Napoli 80131, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1008-3167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chianese","family":"Giuseppina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. 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