{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T18:23:36Z","timestamp":1790274216554,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,28]],"date-time":"2024-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"KingSaud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","award":["RSP2024R189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSP2024R189"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Origanum grosii (L.) and Thymus pallidus (L.) are medicinal plants recognized for their uses in traditional medicine. In this context, the aim of this article is to highlight the results of a phytochemical analysis (HPLC), with particular emphasis on the antioxidant (DPPH, TAC, and FRAP), analgesic, anti-inflammatory, haemagglutinin-test-related, and hemolytic activities of the total extracts of these plants. Phytochemical analysis via HPLC revealed that licoflavone C (30%) is the main compound in Origanum grosii, while hesperidin (43%) is found in T. pallidus. Evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of Origanum grosii and Thymus pallidus using the DPPH, TAC, and FRAP methods revealed an IC50 of the order of 0.085 mg\/mL and 0.146 mg\/mL, an EC50 of the order of 0.167 mg\/mL and 0.185 mg\/mL, and a total antioxidant capacity of between 750 mg EQ\/g and 900 mg EQ\/g, respectively. Analgesic evaluations revealed writhes inhibition of the order of 97.83% for O. grosii and 90% for T. pallidus. In addition, both plant extracts showed limited hemolytic activity, not exceeding 30% at a concentration of 100 mg\/mL. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory potential showed edema inhibition of the order of 94% (800 mg\/kg) for O. grosii and 86% (800 mg\/kg) for T. pallidus. These results highlight the potential applications of these extracts in pharmacological research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13030385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,29]],"date-time":"2024-01-29T08:54:03Z","timestamp":1706518443000},"page":"385","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, Hemagglutinin and Hemolytic Activities of Chemically Characterized Extracts from Origanum grosii (L.) and Thymus pallidus (L.)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Hind","family":"Zejli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Engineering, Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amira","family":"Metouekel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Euromed Research Center, Euromed Faculty of Pharmacy, Euromed University of Fes (UEMF), Meknes Road, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Otmane","family":"Zouirech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratories of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imane","family":"Maliki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Health and Environment, Department of Biology, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50050, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5261-570X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdelfattah","family":"El Moussaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Biotechnology Team, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93002, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aziza","family":"Lfitat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Engineering, Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima Zahra","family":"Bousseraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Engineering, Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid S.","family":"Almaary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiba-Allah","family":"Nafidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farid","family":"Khallouki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Moulay Ismail, Errachidia 52000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3707-8461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed","family":"Bourhia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Laayoune 70000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustapha","family":"Taleb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Engineering, Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelfattah","family":"Abdellaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Engineering, Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scp.2023.101200","article-title":"Ethnobotanical, Geographical, Phytochemical and Dyeing Study of the Main Tinctorial Plants in Morocco","volume":"36","author":"Chajii","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sustain. Chem. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Fennane, M. (2004). Propositions De Zones Importantes Pour Les Au Maroc, Institut Scientifique."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.5209\/rev_LAZA.2010.v31.9","article-title":"Etudes Floristique et Ethnobotanique Des Plantes M\u00e9dicinales de La Ville de K\u00e9nitra (Maroc)","volume":"31","author":"Salhi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lazaroa"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2467","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.14788","article-title":"Antioxidative Activity of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and Oregano (Origanum vulgare) Essential Oils and Their Effect on Oxidative Stability of Minced Pork Packaged Under Vacuum and Modified Atmosphere","volume":"84","author":"Boskovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6109","article-title":"Thymol, Thyme, and Other Plant Sources: Health and Potential Uses","volume":"32","author":"Salehi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifset.2006.09.003","article-title":"Extraction and Analysis of Antioxidant Components from Origanum Dictamnus","volume":"8","author":"Kouri","year":"2007","journal-title":"Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Ortega-Ramirez, L.A., Rodriguez-Garcia, I., Silva-Espinoza, B.A., and Ayala-Zavala, J.F. (2015). Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_8","unstructured":"(2023, September 20). Indigenous Environmental Knowledge and Its Transformations: Critical\u2014Google Livres. Available online: https:\/\/books.google.co.ma\/books?hl=fr&lr=&id=FS7dkOgNGT0C&oi=fnd&pg=PA35&ots=F3st9nNyl2&sig=xSYSBEGVdLbXD9gazK01czW50vg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2013.05.004","article-title":"An Ethnobotanical Survey of Indigenous Knowledge on Medicinal Plants Used by the Traditional Healers of the Lwamondo Area, Limpopo Province, South Africa","volume":"88","author":"Mahwasane","year":"2013","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Bot."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Namsa, N.D., Mandal, M., Tangjang, S., and Mandal, S.C. (2011). Ethnobotany of the Monpa Ethnic Group at Arunachal Pradesh, India. J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed., 7.","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-7-31"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodcont.2013.05.024","article-title":"Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from Plants of the Genus Origanum","volume":"34","author":"Stefanakis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Food Control."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.114","article-title":"Preparation and Characterization of Oregano Essential Oil-Loaded Dioscorea Zingiberensis Starch Film with Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity and Its Application in Chicken Preservation","volume":"212","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2738351","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/2738351","article-title":"Rutin and Hesperidin Revoke the Hepatotoxicity Induced by Paclitaxel in Male Wistar Rats via Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Activities","volume":"2023","author":"Ali","year":"2023","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arowoogun, J., Akanni, O.O., Adefisan, A.O., Owumi, S.E., Tijani, A.S., and Adaramoye, O.A. (2021). Rutin Ameliorates Copper Sulfate-induced Brain Damage via Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Activities in Rats. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol., 35.","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.22623"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.14302\/issn.2379-7835.ijn-19-2703","article-title":"Oregano (Origanium vulgare) Extract for Food Preservation and Improving Gastrointestinal Health","volume":"3","author":"Veenstra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2003.07.024","article-title":"Use of Different Methods for Testing Antioxidative Activity of Oregano Essential Oil","volume":"85","author":"Kulisic","year":"2004","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5598","DOI":"10.1021\/jf049389q","article-title":"Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Effects of Milk Protein-Based Film Containing Essential Oils for the Preservation of Whole Beef Muscle","volume":"52","author":"Oussalah","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2004.03.011","article-title":"Influence of Heating on Antioxidant Activity and the Chemical Composition of Some Spice Essential Oils","volume":"89","author":"Tomaino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"751","article-title":"Antioxidant Activity of Spice Extracts and Phenolics in Comparison to Synthetic Antioxidants","volume":"1","author":"Hossain","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rasayan J. Chem."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1017\/S0043933915002779","article-title":"The Potential of Using Plant Antioxidants to Stimulate Antioxidant Mechanisms in Poultry","volume":"72","author":"Ognik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Worlds Poult. Sci. J."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"2689","article-title":"Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Capacities of Various Extracts of Thymus Riatarum from Morocco","volume":"10","author":"Aouam","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci. Res."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.22270\/jddt.v10i3-s.4151","article-title":"Total Phenolic Contents, DPPH Radical Scavenging and \u03b2-Carotene Bleaching Activities of Aqueous Extract from Ammoides Atlantica","volume":"10","author":"Loucif","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Ther."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1080\/0972060X.2014.958561","article-title":"Chemical Diversity and Antioxidant Capacity of Essential Oils of Marjoram in Northwest Egypt","volume":"18","author":"Elansary","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Essent. Oil Bear. Plants"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.2478\/botlit-2020-0007","article-title":"Comparative Evaluation of Argania spinosa and Olea europaea Leaf Phenolic Compounds and their Antioxidant Activity","volume":"26","author":"Lfitat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Botanica"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"7","article-title":"Purification, Characterization and Bioefficacy of Legume Lectins against Mustard Aphid","volume":"1","author":"Deeksha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Legume Res. An. Int. J."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1980.tb04410.x","article-title":"Sugar-Lectin Interactions: How Does Wheat-Germ Agglutinin Bind Sialoglycoconjugates?","volume":"104","author":"Monsigny","year":"1980","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"1085","article-title":"Interaction of Glucose\/Sucrose Binding Lectin Isolated from Nigeria Wild Bean with E. coli and S. aureus","volume":"8","author":"Awoyinka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Nutr. Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.113","article-title":"Reviewing Mimosoideae Lectins: A Group of under Explored Legume Lectins","volume":"154","author":"Cavada","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1080\/10412905.2005.9699028","article-title":"Bioactive Components of Mexican Oregano Oil as Affected by Moisture and Plant Maturity","volume":"17","author":"Vazquez","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Essent. Oil Res."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"Mandal, S., and DebMandal, M. (2015). Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elshafie, H.S., and Camele, I. (2017). An Overview of the Biological Effects of Some Mediterranean Essential Oils on Human Health. Biomed. Res. Int., 2017.","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/9268468"},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"78","article-title":"Review of Pharmacological Effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss. (Thyme of Shiraz)","volume":"6","author":"Nouri","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Res. Health Sci."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2011.653458","article-title":"The Bioactivity and Toxicological Actions of Carvacrol","volume":"55","author":"Suntres","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.09.065","article-title":"Enhancement of Orofacial Antinociceptive Effect of Carvacrol, a Monoterpene Present in Oregano and Thyme Oils, by \u03b2-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex in Mice","volume":"84","author":"Silva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"1168","article-title":"Oregano Extract Ointment for Wound Healing: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Petrolatum-Controlled Study Evaluating Efficacy","volume":"10","author":"Frenkel","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Drugs Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"262","article-title":"Analgesic activity of three thyme species, Thymus satureioides, Thymus maroccanus and Thymus leptobotrys","volume":"2","author":"Elhabazi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Afr. J. Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"147","article-title":"Thyme Tea and Primary Dysmenorrhea Among Young Female Students","volume":"11","author":"Zeru","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adolesc. Health Med. Ther."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2014.12.020","article-title":"Encapsulation of Carvacrol, a Monoterpene Present in the Essential Oil of Oregano, with \u03b2-Cyclodextrin, Improves the Pharmacological Response on Cancer Pain Experimental Protocols","volume":"227","author":"Oliveira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Interact."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"187","article-title":"The Protective Effects of Thymus vulgaris Aqueous Extract against Methotrexate-Induced Hepatic Toxicity in Rabbits","volume":"29","author":"Qasim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2013.879908","article-title":"An Ethanol Extract of Origanum vulgare Attenuates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Pulmonary Injury and Oxidative Lung Damage in Mice","volume":"52","author":"Shokrzadeh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2014.908399","article-title":"Protective Effects of Origanum vulgare Ethanol Extract against Cyclophosphamide-Induced Liver Toxicity in Mice","volume":"53","author":"Habibi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2017.01.001","article-title":"A Subchronic 90-Day Oral Toxicity Study of Origanum vulgare Essential Oil in Rats","volume":"101","author":"Maisanaba","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"499","article-title":"Thyme","volume":"Volume 1","author":"Venskutonis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Handbook of Herbs and Spices"},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"National Research Council (U.S.), Division on Earth and Life Studies, Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, and Committee for the Update of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (2011). Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114451","article-title":"Effect of Extracts and Isolated Compounds Derived from Retama monosperma (L.) Boiss. on Anti-Aging Gene Expression in Human Keratinocytes and Antioxidant Activity","volume":"280","author":"Zefzoufi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1999.4019","article-title":"Spectrophotometric Quantitation of Antioxidant Capacity through the Formation of a Phosphomolybdenum Complex: Specific Application to the Determination of Vitamin E","volume":"269","author":"Prieto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2008.02.037","article-title":"Antioxidant Activity of Smilax excelsa L. Leaf Extracts","volume":"110","author":"Ozsoy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2007.03.049","article-title":"Free Radical Scavenging and Antioxidative Activities of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) and Its Related Compounds in Solution and Membranes: A Structure-Activity Insight","volume":"105","author":"Wu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(00)00370-6","article-title":"In Vitro Hemolysis of Human Erythrocytes-by Plant Extracts with Antiplasmodial Activity","volume":"74","author":"Sharma","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.091","article-title":"Antioxidant and Hemolytic Activities, and Effects in Rat Cutaneous Wound Healing of a Novel Polysaccharide from Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) Seeds","volume":"95","author":"Ktari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"109","article-title":"Polyphenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activities of Nigella Sativa Seed Extracts In Vitro and In Vivo","volume":"6","author":"Meziti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Biotechnol. Bioeng."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amrati, F.E.Z., Bourhia, M., Saghrouchni, H., Slighoua, M., Grafov, A., Ullah, R., Ezzeldin, E., Mostafa, G.A., Bari, A., and Ibenmoussa, S. (2021). Caralluma europaea (Guss.) N.E.Br.: Anti-Inflammatory, Antifungal, and Antibacterial Activities against Nosocomial Antibiotic-Resistant Microbes of Chemically Characterized Fractions. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26030636"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/S0254-6272(14)60018-2","article-title":"Parsley: A Review of Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities","volume":"33","author":"Farzaei","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Tradit. Chin. Med."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(03)00234-4","article-title":"Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Properties of the Leaf Extracts and Essential Oil of Lavandula angustifolia Mill","volume":"89","author":"Hajhashemi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."}],"container-title":["Plants"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2223-7747\/13\/3\/385\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T13:50:31Z","timestamp":1760104231000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2223-7747\/13\/3\/385"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,28]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["plants13030385"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/plants13030385","relation":{},"ISSN":["2223-7747"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2223-7747","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,28]]}}}