{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T08:32:34Z","timestamp":1782808354725,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42207255"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42207255"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32270387"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32270387"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["665\/1120057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["665\/1120057"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"High\u2013level Science Foundation of Qingdao Agricultural University","award":["42207255"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42207255"]}]},{"name":"High\u2013level Science Foundation of Qingdao Agricultural University","award":["32270387"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32270387"]}]},{"name":"High\u2013level Science Foundation of Qingdao Agricultural University","award":["665\/1120057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["665\/1120057"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>At present, the situation regarding heavy metal pollution in aquatic environments is becoming more and more serious. The bioaccumulation of heavy metals in aquatic plants causes obvious phytotoxicity, which can also induce secondary pollution in the aquatic environment. Zinc and copper, as indispensable elements for plant growth, are also prominent heavy metals in water pollution in China, and their concentrations play a crucial role in plant growth. In this study, we investigated the response of Pistia stratiotes (P. stratiotes) to different concentrations of Zn and Cu, and the results showed that plant growth and photosynthesis were inhibited under both Zn (1, 2, 4, and 8 mg\/L) and Cu (0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1 mg\/L) stresses. The relative growth rates of P. stratiotes under 8 mg\/L Zn or 1 mg\/L Cu stress were 6.33% and 6.90%, which were much lower than those in the control group (10.86%). Meanwhile, Zn and Cu stress caused insignificant change in the relative water contents of plants. The decrease in phlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll contents suggested the significant photoinhibition of Zn and Cu stress. Chemical analysis of plant root exudates showed that the root secretion species obtained by gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (GC\u2013MS) mainly included amino acids, alkanes, aldehydes, ketones, phenols, and more. Compared with the control group, the influence of Zn or Cu on the reduction in relative amounts of exudates was greater than that on the increase. The results of this study provide important data for the utilization of P. stratiotes in heavy metal-polluted water environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13050736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T11:26:59Z","timestamp":1709638019000},"page":"736","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Responses in Plant Growth and Root Exudates of Pistia stratiotes under Zn and Cu Stress"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yujie","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Canhua","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yibai","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panpan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4190-9339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2873-8221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5515-363X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lina","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"},{"name":"Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gongke","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.123380","article-title":"Effects of Heavy Metal Contamination on River Water Quality Due to Release of Industrial Effluents","volume":"277","author":"Mokarram","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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