{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T15:57:54Z","timestamp":1788537474038,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Copaifera mildbraedii Desf. is an evergreen tree with an umbrella-like crown. It is distributed from south-eastern Nigeria eastward to the Central African Republic (CAR). The aim of this study was to assess the chemical composition and biological activities of C. mildbraedii bark, as well as the chemical composition of the essential oil. Ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanol (MeOH) extracts showed a high total phenolic content (TPC) (149.9 and 148.8 mg GAE\/g dry residue (dr), respectively), which was related to good antioxidant activity (DPPH) with an IC50 of 21.2 and 12.9 \u00b5g\/mL, respectively. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) analysis revealed seven phenolic compounds with myricitrin (13.3 mg\/g dr) and 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethyl benzoic acid (30.7 mg\/g dr) as major compounds, while gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis enabled detection of 13 volatile compounds (3 before and 10 after derivatization). Thirty compounds were identified in the essential oil, which corresponds to 65% of all identified compounds. Among the latter, E,E-farnesylacetone and \u03b3-gurjunene were considered as major compounds (8.08 and 10.43%, respectively). The EtOAc extract showed a potent potential, simultaneously, against anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE), anti-15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX), anti-xanthine oxidase (XOD), and cytotoxic (OVCAR) activities, whereas cyclohexane (CYHA) and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts showed a cytotoxic effect with high percentages of inhibition (95.2%).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13060877","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]],"date-time":"2024-03-19T05:23:31Z","timestamp":1710825811000},"page":"877","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Copaifera mildbraedii Desf.: Phytochemical Composition of Extracts, Essential Oil, and In Vitro Biological Activities of Bark"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Armel-Frederic","family":"Namkona","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie de Toulouse, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier, 118-Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Analyse, d\u2019Architecture et de R\u00e9activit\u00e9 des Substances Naturelles (LAARSN), Facult\u00e9 des Sciences, Universit\u00e9 de Bangui, Bangui BP 908, Central African Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7686-7597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rami","family":"Rahmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire de Recherche \u201cBiodiversit\u00e9, Mol\u00e9cules et Applications LR22ES02\u201d, Institut Sup\u00e9rieur de Biologie Appliqu\u00e9e, Universit\u00e9 de Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Worowounga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie de Toulouse, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier, 118-Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Analyse, d\u2019Architecture et de R\u00e9activit\u00e9 des Substances Naturelles (LAARSN), Facult\u00e9 des Sciences, Universit\u00e9 de Bangui, Bangui BP 908, Central African Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Laurent","family":"Syssa-Magal\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire d\u2019Analyse, d\u2019Architecture et de R\u00e9activit\u00e9 des Substances Naturelles (LAARSN), Facult\u00e9 des Sciences, Universit\u00e9 de Bangui, Bangui BP 908, Central African Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hubert","family":"Matondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie de Toulouse, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier, 118-Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2439-5145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jalloul","family":"Bouajila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie de Toulouse, Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier, 118-Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01382","DOI":"10.1002\/ecm.1382","article-title":"Plant responses to nutrient addition experiments conducted in tropical forests","volume":"89","author":"Wright","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecol. 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