{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T03:35:05Z","timestamp":1782185705121,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"scholarship grant to N.P-M.","award":["288473"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["288473"]}]},{"name":"scholarship grant to N.P-M.","award":["CB-240801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB-240801"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bursera fagaroides, popularly used in M\u00e9xico, possesses bioactive lignans. These compounds are low in the bark, and its extraction endangers the life of the trees. The aim of the present investigation was to search for alternative sources of cytotoxic compounds in B. fagaroides prepared as leaves and in vitro callus cultures. The friable callus of B. fagaroides was established using a combination of plant growth regulators: 4 mgL\u22121 of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 1 mgL\u22121 Naphthaleneacetic Acid (NAA) and 1 mgL\u22121 Zeatin. The maximum cell growth was at day 28 with a specific growth rate of \u03bc = 0.059 days\u22121 and duplication time td = 11.8 days. HPLC quantification of the dichloromethane callus biomass extract showed that Scopoletin, with a concentration of 10.7 \u00b5g g\u22121 dry weight, was the main compound inducible as a phytoalexin by the addition of high concentrations of 2,4-D, as well as by the absence of nutrients in the culture medium. In this same extract, the compounds \u03b3-sitosterol and stigmasterol were also identified by GC-MS analysis. Open column chromatography was used to separate and identify yatein, acetyl podophyllotoxin and 7\u2032,8\u2032-dehydropodophyllotoxin in the leaves of the wild plant. Cytotoxic activity on four cancer cell lines was tested, with PC-3 prostate carcinoma (IC50 of 12.6 \u00b1 4.6 \u00b5gmL\u22121) being the most sensitive to the wild-type plant extract and HeLa cervical carcinoma (IC50 of 72 \u00b1 5 \u00b5gmL\u22121) being the most sensitive to the callus culture extract.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13121622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T06:47:30Z","timestamp":1718174850000},"page":"1622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Phytochemical Profiles and Cytotoxic Activity of Bursera fagaroides (Kunth) Engl. Leaves and Its Callus Culture"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Nancy","family":"P\u00e9rez-Mej\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C. P. 62209, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Luisa","family":"Villarreal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C. P. 62209, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6555-6267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica Nayelli","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Carranza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C. P. 62209, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4456-1235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leticia","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Maya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C. P. 62209, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3693-1670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manas\u00e9s","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Cortazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica del Sur, IMSS, Calle Rep\u00fablica Argentina No. 1, Col. Centro, Xochitepec C. P. 62790, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anabel","family":"Ort\u00edz-Caltempa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C. P. 62209, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7464-9898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca C. P. 62209, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5289","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules14125289","article-title":"Germacrene D, a common sesquiterpene in the genus Bursera (Burseraceae)","volume":"14","author":"Noge","year":"2009","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.21829\/abm66.2004.970","article-title":"Las especies de Bursera (Burseraceae) en la cuenca superior del r\u00edo Papaloapan (M\u00e9xico)","volume":"66","author":"Rzedowski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Bot. 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