{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T06:07:29Z","timestamp":1791526049470,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]],"date-time":"2024-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","award":["RSP-2024R375"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSP-2024R375"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Galanthamine is an immensely valuable alkaloid exhibiting anti-cancer and antiviral activity. The cultivation of plant tissues in in vitro conditions is a good source for the synthesis and enrichment of secondary metabolites of commercial interest. In this study, the Amaryllidaceae alkaloid galanthamine was quantified in three Zephyranthes species, such as Zephyranthes candida, Zephyranthes grandiflora, and Zephyranthes citrina, and the impact of the methyl jasmonate (MJ) signaling molecule on galanthamine accumulation was monitored in in vitro-derived plant tissues. This is the first ever study of the MJ-regulated accumulation of galanthamine in in vitro-grown Zephyranthes tissues. Shoot regeneration was obtained in all three Zephyranthes species on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2.0 mgL\u22121 benzylaminopurine (BAP) + 0.5 mgL\u22121 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The regenerated shoots were rooted on a medium containing 2.0 mgL\u22121 indole butyric acid (IBA). A GC-MS study of Zephyranthes extracts revealed the presence of 34 phyto-compounds of varied levels with therapeutic activities against diseases. The galanthamine content was quantified in plant parts of the three Zephyranthes species using high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC); the maximum was found in Z. candida bulb (2.41 \u00b5g g\u22121 dry wt.), followed by Z. grandiflora (2.13 \u00b5g g\u22121 dry wt.), and then Z. citrina (2.02 \u00b5g g\u22121 dry wt.). The galanthamine content showed bulb &gt; leaf &gt; root source order. The in vitro-generated plantlets were treated with different MJ concentrations, and the galanthamine yield was measured in bulb, leaf, and root tissues. The highest galanthamine content was recorded in bulbs of Z. candida (3.97 \u00b5g g\u22121 dry wt.) treated with 150 \u00b5M MJ, showing an increase of 64.73% compared to the control. This accumulation may be attributed to MJ-induced stress, highlighting the potential commercial synthesis of galanthamine in vitro.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13141931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T08:35:17Z","timestamp":1721032517000},"page":"1931","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Tissue-Specific Natural Synthesis of Galanthaminein Zephyranthes Species and Its Accumulation in Different In Vitro-Grown Organs Following Methyl Jasmonate Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Rukaya","family":"Syeed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Mujib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9795-4851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yashika","family":"Bansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Mohsin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afeefa","family":"Nafees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moien Qadir","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyoti","family":"Mamgain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bushra","family":"Ejaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5174-8137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaser Hassan","family":"Dewir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katalin","family":"Magyar-T\u00e1bori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Ny\u00edregyh\u00e1za, Institutes for Agricultural Research and Educational Farm (IAREF), University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 12, 4400 Ny\u00edregyh\u00e1za, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Kartesz, J.T. (1994). A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora Ofthe United States, Canada, and Greenland, Timber Press."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Hutchinson, J. (2003). The Families of Flowering Plants, Clarendon."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"212","article-title":"Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Genus Zephyranthes","volume":"4","author":"Katoch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Aromat. Plants"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kilgore, M.B., Augustin, M.M., Starks, C.M., O\u2019Neil-Johnson, M., May, G.D., Crow, J.A., and Kutchan, T.M. (2014). Cloning and characterization of a norbelladine 4\u2032-O-methyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of the Alzheimer\u2019s drug galanthamine in Narcissus sp. aff. pseudonarcissus. 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