{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T15:59:42Z","timestamp":1790006382273,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. syn. Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is a Mediterranean aromatic species used both as an official herb and as a spice. Different cultivars may exhibit diverse phytochemical compositions, making a comprehensive chemical characterization pivotal for a targeted selection of valuable cultivars. This study aimed to characterize and compare the phenolic and terpene composition and content of leaf extracts of six Mediterranean rosemary cultivars: \u2018Alba\u2019, \u2018Arp\u2019 \u2018Ginger\u2019, \u2018Gorizia\u2019, \u2018Tuscan Blue\u2019, and \u2018Roseus\u2019. HPLC-DAD analysis revealed a similar phenolic composition in all the cultivars, but quantitative differences were observed. The main compounds were carnosic acid derivatives, flavonoids (e.g., luteolin, apigenin, and quercetin glucosides), rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, and other hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. The highest phenolic content was found in \u2018Alba\u2019, with a predominance of carnosic acid derivatives, whereas the lowest was found in \u2018Ginger\u2019 and \u2018Gorizia\u2019. The GC-MS analysis evidenced quantitative differences among the cultivars. Particularly, \u2018Alba\u2019 contained the highest terpene content, whereas \u2018Arp\u2019 and \u2018Gorizia\u2019 showed the lowest values. Regarding the antioxidant activity, \u2018Alba\u2019 exhibited the highest values as regards phenols, while for terpenes, the highest ones were obtained for \u2018Ginger\u2019 and \u2018Tuscan Blue\u2019. Significant Pearson correlations were obtained between the total phenol\/terpene content and the antioxidant activity. The chemical characterization of these cultivars provides relevant information to produce the rosemary phytocomplexes, finding multiple industrial applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13233395","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]],"date-time":"2024-12-03T09:18:32Z","timestamp":1733217512000},"page":"3395","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Unlocking the Hidden Potential of Rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus Spenn.): New Insights into Phenolics, Terpenes, and Antioxidants of Mediterranean Cultivars"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9919-5451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Baptista","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9988-8625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felicia","family":"Menicucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8531-6076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Brunetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1827-1672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luana Beatriz","family":"dos Santos Nascimento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6109-4050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalila","family":"Pasquini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8379-1407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Alderotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cassandra","family":"Detti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2222-0437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Ferrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7304-7526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonella","family":"Gori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto F.no, I-50019 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3728","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.4998","article-title":"High resolution melting profiles of 364 genotypes of Salvia rosmarinus in 16 microsatellite 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