{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T05:27:40Z","timestamp":1790314060274,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["42201228"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42201228"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The relative impacts of biochemical and stomatal limitations on photosynthesis during photosynthetic induction have been well studied for diverse plants under ambient CO2 concentration (Ca). However, a knowledge gap remains regarding how the various photosynthetic components limit duction efficiency under elevated CO2. In this study, we experimentally investigated the influence of elevated CO2 (from 400 to 800 \u03bcmol mol\u20131) on photosynthetic induction dynamics and its associated limitation components in two broadleaved tree species, Populus tomentosa and Eucalyptus robusta. The results show that elevated CO2 increased the steady-state photosynthesis rate (A) and decreased stomatal conductance (gs) and the maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax) in both species. While E. robusta exhibited a decrease in the linear electron transport rate (J) and the fraction of open reaction centers in photosynthesis II (qL), P. tomentosa showed a significant increase in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ). With respect to non-steady-state photosynthesis, elevated CO2 significantly reduced the induction time of A following a shift from low to high light intensity in both species. Time-integrated limitation analysis during induction revealed that elevated CO2 reduces the relative impacts of stomatal limitations in both species, consequently shifting the predominant limitation on induction efficiency from stomatal to biochemical components. Additionally, species-specific changes in qL and NPQ suggest that elevated CO2 may increase biochemical limitation by affecting energy allocation between carbon fixation and photoprotection. These findings suggest that, in a future CO2-rich atmosphere, plants productivity under fluctuating light may be primarily constrained by photochemical and non-photochemical quenching.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14010047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T04:30:58Z","timestamp":1735273858000},"page":"47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Elevated CO2 Shifts Photosynthetic Constraint from Stomatal to Biochemical Limitations During Induction in Populus tomentosa and Eucalyptus robusta"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xianhui","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, China"},{"name":"Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8104-3920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingchen","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiyang","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, China"},{"name":"Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00386231","article-title":"A biochemical model of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in leaves of C3 species","volume":"149","author":"Farquhar","year":"1980","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2435.1998.00257.x","article-title":"Leaf photosynthetic light response: A mechanistic model for scaling photosynthesis to leaves and canopies","volume":"12","author":"Kull","year":"1998","journal-title":"Funct. 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