{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T03:24:49Z","timestamp":1787887489002,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union NextGenerationEU program","award":["BG-RRP-2.004-0004-C01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BG-RRP-2.004-0004-C01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aerial parts of Epilobium angustifolium L. (fireweed) (Onagraceae) are renowned for their use in the treatment of prostatic, kidney and urinary tract diseases, and skin infections. In this work, a comprehensive phytochemical profiling of the methanol-aqueous extract from E. anfustifolium aerial parts was performed by the means of liquid chromatography\u2013Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. Annotation and dereplication of 121 secondary metabolites were achieved, including acylquinic acids, gallo- and ellagitannins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and their glycosides. Forty-six compounds are reported for the first time in the species. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were 85.04 \u00b1 0.18 mg GAE\/g and 27.71 \u00b1 0.74 mg QE\/g, respectively. Antioxidant capacity assessment revealed that the extract actively scavenged DPPH and ABTS radicals (310.74 and 466.82 mg TE\/g) along with a high reducing power in CUPRAC and FRAP assay (442.83 and 291.50 mg TE\/g), respectively, and metal chelating (48.20 mg EDTA\/g). The extract also had a distinct impact on \u03b1-glucosidase (3.48 mmol ACAE\/g) and moderate activity towards \u03b1-amylase (0.44 mmol ACAE\/g) and lipase (8.03 OE\/g). It inhibited acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase (2.05 and 1.67 mg GALE\/g) and had a prominent anti-tyrosinase effect (61.91 mg KA\/g). Our results contribute to establishing fireweed as a multifunctional agent for use in herbal preparations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14030415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T05:08:26Z","timestamp":1738300106000},"page":"415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Exploring the Phytochemical Profile and Biological Insights of Epilobium angustifolium L. Herb"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1254-2419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reneta","family":"Gevrenova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6548-7823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gokhan","family":"Zengin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2318-7969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gulsah","family":"Ozturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1952-9903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitrina","family":"Zheleva-Dimitrova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dreger, M., Adamczak, A., and Foksowicz-Flaczyk, J. 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