{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T04:35:29Z","timestamp":1791261329385,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":195,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]],"date-time":"2025-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)"},{"name":"RN, the World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus Patancheru"},{"name":"long-term strategic donors of the World Vegetable Center"},{"name":"the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)"},{"name":"UK Government\u2019s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO)"},{"name":"Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Microgreens are tender, edible seedlings harvested 7\u201321 days after germination containing a central stem, cotyledons, and true leaves. Known as a fresh, ready-to-eat functional food, they are mostly rich in vitamins, antioxidants, bioactive compounds, and minerals, with distinctive flavors, colors, and textures. These attributes make microgreens a valuable component in nutrition and health research. In countries like India, where low-income households spend 50\u201380% of their income on food, micronutrient deficiencies are common, particularly among women. Indian women, facing a double burden of malnutrition, experience both underweight (18.7%) and obesity (24.0%) issues, with 57% suffering from anemia. Women\u2019s unique health requirements vary across life stages, from infancy to their elderly years, and they require diets rich in vitamins and minerals to ensure micronutrient adequacy. Microgreens, with their high nutrient density, hold promise in addressing these deficiencies. Fresh and processed microgreens based products can enhance food variety, nutritive value, and appeal. Rethinking agriculture and horticulture as tools to combat malnutrition and reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is vital for achieving nutritional security and poverty reduction. This review compiles recent research on microgreens, focusing on their nutrient profiles, health benefits, suitable crops, substrates, seed density, growing methods, sensory characteristics, and applications as fresh and value-added products. It offers valuable insights into sustainable agriculture and the role of microgreens in enhancing human nutrition and health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14040526","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T11:54:06Z","timestamp":1739274846000},"page":"526","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Microgreens: Functional Food for Nutrition and Dietary Diversification"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Tania","family":"Seth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-Central Institute for Women in Agriculture, Bhubaneswar 751 003, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7023-2638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gyan Prakash","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arup","family":"Chattopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741 252, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Partha","family":"Deb Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-Indian Institute of Water Management, Bhubaneswar 751 023, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mridula","family":"Devi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-Central Institute for Women in Agriculture, Bhubaneswar 751 003, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6006-9769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ankita","family":"Sahu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-Central Institute for Women in Agriculture, Bhubaneswar 751 003, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0356-7665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sukanta Kumar","family":"Sarangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-Central Institute for Women in Agriculture, Bhubaneswar 751 003, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaitrali Shashank","family":"Mhatre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-Central Institute for Women in Agriculture, Bhubaneswar 751 003, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne Angel","family":"Lyngdoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Shillong 793 009, Meghalaya, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Visalakshi","family":"Chandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram 695 017, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7954-7313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harsh Kumar","family":"Dikshit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110 012, Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2787-8396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramakrishnan Madhavan","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Vegetable Center, South Asia, ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru 502 324, Hyderabad, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2014.00003","article-title":"Grand challenges in nutrition and environmental sustainability","volume":"1","author":"Burlingame","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. 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