{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:11:46Z","timestamp":1791220306169,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739232000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32370412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32370412"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023NSFSC0144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023NSFSC0144"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFH0045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFH0045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KCXTD2022-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KCXTD2022-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018542","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32370412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32370412"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018542","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023NSFSC0144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023NSFSC0144"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018542","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFH0045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFH0045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018542","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KCXTD2022-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KCXTD2022-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["32370412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32370412"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["2023NSFSC0144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023NSFSC0144"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["2023YFH0045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFH0045"]}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["KCXTD2022-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KCXTD2022-4"]}]},{"name":"Innovation Team Funds of China West Normal University","award":["32370412"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32370412"]}]},{"name":"Innovation Team Funds of China West Normal University","award":["2023NSFSC0144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023NSFSC0144"]}]},{"name":"Innovation Team Funds of China West Normal University","award":["2023YFH0045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFH0045"]}]},{"name":"Innovation Team Funds of China West Normal University","award":["KCXTD2022-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KCXTD2022-4"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although the mechanisms underlying albino phenotypes have been examined in model plants and major crops, our knowledge of bract albinism is still in its infancy. Davidia involucrata, a relic plant called dove tree, is best known for the intriguing trait with a pair of white bracts covering the capitula. Here, comparative physiological, cytological, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses were performed to dissect the albinism mechanism of D. involucrata bracts. The bracts exhibited low chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, reduced photosynthetic efficiency, and impaired chloroplast structure. The severe deficiency of photosynthetic pigments and the substantial decrease in cuticle thickness made the bracts light-sensitive. In total, 1134 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were obtained between bracts and leaves. Pathway enrichment analysis of DEPs revealed that photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis and photosynthesis were suppressed, whereas protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, flavonoid biosynthesis, and the ubiquitin\u2013proteasome system (UPS) were activated in bracts. Strikingly, DEPs implicated in chloroplast development, including PPR and AARS proteins, were mainly down-regulated in bracts. We further investigated albinism-induced metabolic changes and detected 412 differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs). Among them, enhanced flavonoids accumulation can plausibly explain the role of bracts in pollinator attraction. Amino acids and their derivatives in bracts showed remarkably increased abundance, which might be causally linked to enhanced UPS function. Our work could lay foundations for understanding albinism mechanisms and adaptive significance of plant bracts and facilitate future utilization of D. involucrata resources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14040549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T03:41:57Z","timestamp":1739331717000},"page":"549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Proteome and Metabolome Analyses of Albino Bracts in Davidia involucrata"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Qinsong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, China West Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanchong 637009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinqiu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, China West Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanchong 637009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, China West Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanchong 637009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, China West Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanchong 637009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7129-5326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramesh R.","family":"Vetukuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6864-0125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, China West Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanchong 637009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2015.02.003","article-title":"Insights into chloroplast biogenesis and development","volume":"1847","author":"Pogson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochim. 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