{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T07:33:43Z","timestamp":1776497623474,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia","award":["270428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["270428"]}]},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia","award":["SIP 2016-RE\/50"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP 2016-RE\/50"]}]},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia","award":["SIP-20161270"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-20161270"]}]},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia","award":["SIP-20170263"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-20170263"]}]},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia","award":["SIP-20180382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-20180382"]}]},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia","award":["SIP-20195897"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-20195897"]}]},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia","award":["SIP-20240944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-20240944"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003069","name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["270428"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["270428"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003069","name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SIP 2016-RE\/50"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP 2016-RE\/50"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003069","name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SIP-20161270"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-20161270"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003069","name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SIP-20170263"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-20170263"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003069","name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SIP-20180382"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-20180382"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003069","name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SIP-20195897"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-20195897"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003069","name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SIP-20240944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP-20240944"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Plants"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Laelia furfuracea is an orchid endemic to Oaxaca, Mexico, used for the treatment of cough and has anticoagulant activity. We aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of the hydroethanolic extract of L. furfuracea leaves and identify its phytochemical compounds. The leaf material was subjected to solid\u2013liquid extraction. Compounds were identified by UPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS\/MS. The Folin\u2013Ciocalteu and aluminum trichloride methods were used to quantify phenols and flavonoids, respectively. The DPPH method was used to determine the antioxidant activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in a model of carrageenan-induced plantar edema induced in Wistar rats. Compounds tentatively identified in L. furfuracea leaves were malic, citric, succinic, hydroximethylglutaric, azelaic, eucomic, and protocatechuic acids, saponarin, luteolin-7,3\u2032-di-O-glucoside, isoorientin, and vitexin. The contents of total phenols and flavonoids and antioxidant activity were 394.7 \u00b1 0.1 mg EqAG\/g, 129.9 \u00b1 0.005 mg EqQ\/g, and 84.6 \u00b1 1.4%, respectively. The anti-inflammatory effect of the extract was dose-dependent, where 1000 \u00b5g\/paw presented a 43.4% reduction in inflammation, similar to naproxen. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect of the hydroethanolic extract of Laelia furfuracea leaves was demonstrated. This effect may be due to the synergy between its compounds. This orchid is a potential candidate for future pharmacological research due to its anti-inflammatory activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14040588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T11:14:41Z","timestamp":1739531681000},"page":"588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Phytochemical Compounds from Laelia furfuracea and Their Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9556-6169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abimael","family":"L\u00f3pez-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Extracci\u00f3n y An\u00e1lisis de Productos Naturales Vegetales, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaci\u00f3n para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Hornos 1003, Santa Cruz Xoxocotl\u00e1n 71230, Oaxaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9870-971X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luicita","family":"Lagunez-Rivera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Extracci\u00f3n y An\u00e1lisis de Productos Naturales Vegetales, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaci\u00f3n para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Hornos 1003, Santa Cruz Xoxocotl\u00e1n 71230, Oaxaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0355-5496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Solano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Extracci\u00f3n y An\u00e1lisis de Productos Naturales Vegetales, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaci\u00f3n para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Hornos 1003, Santa Cruz Xoxocotl\u00e1n 71230, Oaxaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aracely Evangelina","family":"Ch\u00e1vez-Pi\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Farmacolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopat\u00eda, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Guillermo Massieu Helguera, 239, La Escalera, Gustavo A. Madero 07320, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7046-4001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela Soledad","family":"Barrag\u00e1n-Zarate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Extracci\u00f3n y An\u00e1lisis de Productos Naturales Vegetales, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaci\u00f3n para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Hornos 1003, Santa Cruz Xoxocotl\u00e1n 71230, Oaxaca, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Estrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Circuito Exterior, Insurgentes Sur, C.U., Coyoacan 04510, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arfeen, M., Srivastava, A., Srivastava, N., Khan, R.A., Almahmoud, S.A., and Mohammed, H.A. (2024). Design, classification, and adverse effects of NSAIDs: A review on recent advancements. Bioorganic Med. Chem., 112.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2024.117899"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-023-01405-8","article-title":"Effect of use of NSAIDs or steroids during the acute phase of pain on the incidence of chronic pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials","volume":"32","author":"Huo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2357235","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2024.2357235","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of simple analgesics for acute treatment of episodic tension-type headache in adults: A network meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann. Med."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"92","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species: Training, function and oxidative stress","volume":"36","author":"Carvajal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med. Leg. Costa Rica"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1434","article-title":"Oxidative stress in neurodegeneration: Cause or consequence?","volume":"10","author":"Andersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Vino, D. (2014). Anti-inflammatory activity. In Vitro Methods for Anti-Inflammatory Activity H-Bradykinin Receptor Binding, Springer."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2016.01.014","article-title":"Studies on oxidants and antioxidants with a brief glance at their relevance to the immune system","volume":"146","author":"Aslani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"113","article-title":"Evaluation of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities of Thimus serphyllum Linn. in mice","volume":"72","author":"Alamgeer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Pol. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"1129","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory activity of phenolic compounds from the whole plant of Scutellaria indica","volume":"25","author":"Cuong","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMCL"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20211488","DOI":"10.1590\/0001-3765202320211488","article-title":"Bioactive natural products from orchids native to the America\u2014A review","volume":"95","author":"Pomini","year":"2023","journal-title":"An. Acad. Bras. Ci\u00eancias"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Castillo-P\u00e9rez, L.J., Ponce-Hern\u00e1ndez, A., Alonso-Castro, A.J., Solano, R., Fortanelli-Mart\u00ednez, J., Lagunez-Rivera, L., and Carranza-\u00c1lvarez, C. (2024). Medicinal Orchids of Mexico: A Review. Pharmaceuticals, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17070907"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115172","article-title":"Antinociceptive effects of Laelia anceps Lindl. and Cyrtopodium macrobulbon (Lex.) G.A. Romero & Carnevali, and comparative evaluation of their metabolomic profiles","volume":"291","author":"Wrobel","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Barr\u00f3n, G., Estrada-Soto, S., Arias-Duran, L., Cruz-Torres, K.C., Ornelas-Mendoza, K., Bernal-Fernandez, G., Perea-Arango, I., and Villalobos-Molina, R. (2023). Calcium channel blockade mediates the vasorelaxant activity of dichloromethane extract from roots of Oncidium cebolleta on isolated rat aorta. Biointerface Res. Appl. Chem., 13.","DOI":"10.33263\/BRIAC131.080"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"219","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and wound healing potential of Prosthechea michuacana in rats","volume":"5","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacogn. Mag."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.112632","article-title":"Prosthechea karwinskii, an orchid used as traditional medicine, exerts anti-inflammatory activity and inhibits ROS","volume":"253","author":"Solano","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114376","article-title":"Bioactive compounds from Prosthechea karwinskii decrease obesity, insulin resistance, pro-inflammatory status, and cardiovascular risk in Wistar rats with metabolic syndrome","volume":"279","author":"Solano","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"H\u00e1gsater, E., Soto-Arenas, M.A., Salazar-Ch\u00e1vez, G.A., Jim\u00e9nez-Machorro, R., L\u00f3pez-Rosas, M.A., and Dressler, R.L. (2015). Las Orqu\u00eddeas de M\u00e9xico, REdacta."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2008.04.002","article-title":"Antihypertensive and vasorelaxant activities of Laelia autumnalis are mainly through calcium cannel blockade","volume":"49","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1080\/13880200500220839","article-title":"Vasorelaxant effect of Mexican medicinal plants on isolated rat aorta","volume":"43","author":"Aguirre","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2009.10.009","article-title":"Vasorelaxant and antihypertensive effects of methanolic extract from roots of Laelia anceps are mediated by calcicum-channel antagonism","volume":"81","author":"Ibarra","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"034","article-title":"Vasorelaxant effect of Laelia speciosa and Laelia anceps: Two orchids as potential sources for the isolation of bioactive molecules","volume":"3","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Appl. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"J\u00edmarez-Montiel, M. Fitoqu\u00edmica y Determinaci\u00f3n de la Actividad Antiinflamatoria y Citot\u00f3xica de Compuestos y Extractos Org\u00e1nicos de Las Hojas de Laelia anceps Lindl. (Orchideceae). [Bachelor\u2019s Thesis, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico]."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"1","article-title":"Laelia furfuracea Lindl.: An. Endemic Mexican Orchid. with Anticoagulant Activity","volume":"66","author":"Solano","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Mex. Chem."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"605","article-title":"Capacidad antioxidante y perfil fitoqu\u00edmico de dos especies de orqu\u00eddeas mexicanas","volume":"4","author":"Solano","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. CIM"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Rojas, B., L\u00f3pez-P\u00e9rez, A., Lagunez-Rivera, L., Solano, R., Bernal-Mart\u00ednez, A.K., Majluf-Cruz, A., and Hern\u00e1ndez-Ju\u00e1rez, J. (2024). Antiplatelet, Anticoagulant, and Fibrinolytic Activity of Orchids: A Review. Molecules, 29.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29235706"},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"(2024, November 28). Available online: https:\/\/massbank.eu\/MassBank\/."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2020.07.003","article-title":"HPLC-PDA-MS\/MS profiling of secondary metabolites from Opuntia ficus-indica cladode, peel and fruit pulp extracts and their antioxidant, neuroprotective effect in rats with aluminum chloride induced neurotoxicity","volume":"27","author":"Sobeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghareeb, M.A., Sobeh, M., Rezq, S., El-Shazly, A.M., Mahmoud, M.F., and Wink, M. (2018). HPLC-ESI-MS\/MS Profiling of Polyphenolics of a Leaf Extract from Alpinia zerumbet (Zingiberaceae) and Its Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Nociceptive, and Antipyretic Activities In Vivo. Molecules, 23, Available online: https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/23\/12\/3238.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23123238"},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"e01672","article-title":"MS\/MS-based molecular networking for mapping the chemical diversity of the pulp and peel extracts from Citrus japonica Thunb.; in vivo evaluation of their anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer potential","volume":"20","author":"Ragheb","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Afr."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2023.105329","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the components in flowers of Hemerocallis citrina Baroni by UHPLC\u2013Q-TOF-MS\/MS and UHPLC\u2013QQQ-MS\/MS and evaluation of their antioxidant activities","volume":"120","author":"Ma","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Food Compos. Anal."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108666","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.108666","article-title":"Comparative metabolite fingerprinting of legumes using LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics","volume":"126","author":"Llorach","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111628","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2022.111628","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory\/anti-oxidant properties and the UPLC-QTOF\/MS-based metabolomics discrimination of three yellow Camellia species","volume":"160","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"147","article-title":"Rapid separation and identification of multiple constituents in Danhong Injection by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"CJNM"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2016.11.018","article-title":"Profiling of iridoid glycosides in Vaccinium species by UHPLC-MS","volume":"100","author":"Heffels","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2022.112330","article-title":"Characterization and identification of chemical constituents in Corni Fructus and effect of storage using UHPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS.514","volume":"164","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, P., Jiang, G., Wang, Y., Yan, E., He, L., Guo, J., Yin, J., and Zhang, X. (2023). Maternal consumption of l-malic acid enriched diets improves antioxidant capacity and glucose metabolism in offspring by regulating the gut microbiota. Redox Biol., 67.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2023.102889"},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"592","article-title":"Malic Acid for the Treatment of Rheumatic Diseases","volume":"30","author":"Lerner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mediterr. J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949955","DOI":"10.1021\/np1006636","article-title":"Glucosyloxybenzyl eucomate derivatives from Vanda teres stimulate HaCaT cytochrome c oxidase","volume":"74","author":"Simmler","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22387","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202200018RR","article-title":"A non-polar fraction of Saponaria officinalis L. acted as a TLR4\/MD2 complex antagonist and inhibited TLR4\/MyD88 signaling in vitro and in vivo","volume":"36","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simeonova, R., Vitcheva, V., Kondeva-Burdina, M., Krasteva, I., Manov, V., and Mitcheva, M. (2013). Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of saponarin, isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma Wend. on paracetamol-induced liver damage in rats. Biomed. Res. Int., 2013.","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/757126"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Min, S.Y., Park, C.H., Yu, H.W., and Park, Y.J. (2021). Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Allergic Effects of Saponarin and Its Impact on Signaling Pathways of RAW 264.7, RBL-2H3, and HaCaT Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 5.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22168431"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2016.09.011","article-title":"A review on the pharmacological effects of vitexin and isovitexin","volume":"115","author":"He","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s11240-015-0783-6","article-title":"Phyto-molecular profiling and assessment of antioxidant activity within micropropagated plants of Dendrobium thyrsiflorum: A threatened, medicinal orchid","volume":"122","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Cell Tiss. Organ. Cult."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6916","DOI":"10.1021\/jf040017r","article-title":"Bioguided fractionation and isolation of free radical scavenging components from in vitro propagated Chinese medicinal plants Dendrobium tosaense Makino and Dendrobium moniliforme SW","volume":"52","author":"Lo","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-8258.69164","article-title":"Phenanthrenes of Eulophia ochreata Lindl","volume":"4","author":"Kshirsagar","year":"2010","journal-title":"IJGP"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e09867","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e09867","article-title":"Validation of the traditional medicinal use of a Mexican endemic orchid (Prosthechea karwinskii) through UPLC-ESI-qTOF-MS\/MS characterization of its bioactive compounds","volume":"8","author":"Solano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"311","article-title":"Effect of Prosthechea karwinskii (Orchidaceae) on obesity and dyslipidemia in Wistar rats","volume":"53","author":"Solano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alex. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3041","article-title":"Antioxidant and scavenging capacity of Anacamptis pyramidalis L.\u2014pyramidal orchid from Vojvodina","volume":"24","author":"Stajner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02973905","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory action of phenolic compounds from Gastrodia elata root","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.1007\/s00044-013-0829-4","article-title":"Thrombin inhibitory activity of some polyphenolic compounds","volume":"23","author":"Bijak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med. Chem. Res."},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"R6","article-title":"The role of dietary fiber in the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of fruit and vegetable antioxidants","volume":"76","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bowsher, C., Steer, M., and Tobin, A. (2008). Plant Biochemistry, Garland Science. Taylor & Francis Group, LLC: Oxford, UK.","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203833483"},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"87","article-title":"Review: Dietary phenolic compounds, health benefits and bioaccessibility","volume":"66","author":"Heiedia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch. Latinoam. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"307","article-title":"Validation of the potential of Eulophia ochreata L. tubers for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity","volume":"2","author":"Jagtap","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtha.2024.05.014","article-title":"The convergent model of coagulation","volume":"22","author":"Yong","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"43","article-title":"Dietary Fiber as a Carrier of Dietary Antioxidants: An Essential Physiological Function","volume":"59","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-023-03562-9","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species, toxicity, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: Chronic diseases and aging","volume":"97","author":"Jomova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sahoo, D.K., Heilmann, R.M., Paital, B., Patel, A., Yadav, V.K., Wong, D., and Jergens, A.E. (2023). Oxidative stress, hormones, and effects of natural antioxidants on intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. Front. Endocrinol., 14.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1217165"},{"key":"ref_59","unstructured":"Valencia, G.T., and Gar\u00edn, M.E.A. (2010). Manual de Pr\u00e1cticas de Productos Naturales, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional. [1st ed.]."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1080\/00218839.1998.11100961","article-title":"Analysis of propolis: Some parameters and procedures for chemical quality control","volume":"37","author":"Woisky","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Apic. Res."},{"key":"ref_61","first-page":"801","article-title":"Folin-Ciocalteau Reagent for Polyphenolic Assay","volume":"3","author":"Agbor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. Diet. (IJFS)"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2008.06.026","article-title":"Antioxidant activity index (AAI) by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method","volume":"112","author":"Scherer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21418","article-title":"Synergistic interaction between docosahexaenoic acid and diclofenac on inflammation, nociception, and gastric security models in rats","volume":"79","author":"Ortiz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Res."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-695X2013005000051","article-title":"Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of an aqueous extract of Chiliotrichum diffusum","volume":"23","author":"Alcalde","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Farmacog"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1161\/hh1501.094365","article-title":"Methods off detection of vascular reactive species. Nitric oxide, superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite","volume":"89","author":"Tarpey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circ. Res."}],"container-title":["Plants"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2223-7747\/14\/4\/588\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:34:51Z","timestamp":1760027691000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2223-7747\/14\/4\/588"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["plants14040588"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/plants14040588","relation":{},"ISSN":["2223-7747"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2223-7747","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]]}}}